Immunomodulatory Effect of Momordica charantia L. Fruit Ethanol Extract on Phagocytic Activity and Capacity of Mice Peritoneal Macrophages

Parawansah, Parawansah; Nurtamin, Tomy; Mulyawati, Sufiah Asri; Nuralifah, Nuralifah; Misnaeni, Wa Ode Arlina

doi:10.18585/inabj.v10i2.390

Cited by 4 publications

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“…The mechanism of flavonoids as antioxidants is by donating H atoms to stabilize free radicals. (23) Based on previous research, non-polar compounds of M. charantia L. fruit n-hexane fractions are terpenoid derivatives, namely cucurbits triterpenes. (24) Some of these compounds were Momordin I and Momordin II.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Momordica charantia L. Fruit Fractions inhibit Malondialdehyde Level and Regenerate Hepatic Damage of Hyperglycemic Rats

et al. 2020

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BACKGROUND: Chronic hyperglycemia causes an increase of free radical production and in longterm, the hyperglycemia increases oxidative stress. Among medicinal plants, Momordica charantia L. fruit has been known to overcome hyperglycemia. However, role of M. charantia L. fruit on oxidative stress is not well understood. Therefore, current study was conducted to investigate the effect of M. charantia L. fruit extract on malondialdehyde (MDA) level and hepatic damage in hyperglicemic rat model.METHODS: Twenty five white rats (Rattus novergicus) were induced with Streptozotocin (STZ) and treated with/without glibenclamide, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (Na-CMC), or M. charantia L. fruit ethanol/ethyl acetate/ n-hexane fraction. After the treatment, rat’s livers were collected and separated for histopathological examination and MDA analysis.RESULTS: The MDA level average of rats before the STZ induction was 1.37 μg/mL. MDA level average was markedly increased (23.85 μg/mL) in rats induced with STZ and treated with Na-CMC merely. The MDA level average of STZ-induced glibenclamide-treated rats was 3.12 μg/mL. Meanwhile, the MDA level averages of STZ-induced M. charantia L. fruit ethanol, ethyl acetate and n-hexane fractions-treated rats were 14.95, 8.98 and 5.37 μg/mL, respectively. The histopathology results of this study showed that adipocytes, dilated sinusoids and central vein thickening were mostly observed in STZ-induced Na-CMC-treated rats. Meanwhile, the STZ-induced ethanol/ethyl acetate/n-hexane fraction-treated rats did not exhibitthose expressions.CONCLUSION: M. charantia L. fruit fractions inhibit the MDA level average in liver tissue and regenerate hepatic damage of STZ-induced rats, especially the n-hexane fraction which could be a potential hepatic antioxidant and regenerative agent.KEYWORDS: Momordica charantia L., malondialdehyde, oxidative stress, hyperglycemia, diabetes mellitus

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Momordica charantia L. Fruit Fractions inhibit Malondialdehyde Level and Regenerate Hepatic Damage of Hyperglycemic Rats

et al. 2020

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“…The mechanisms of the alkaloids and flavonoids are similar to those in other plants. Generally, flavonoid compounds can repair the immune system, while alkaloids have an immunomodulatory ability (Parawansah et al, 2018). Previous studies showed that flavonoid compounds can stimulate lymphocyte proliferation and increase the T-cell count and interleukin-2 (IL-2) activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Momordica Charantia L. Fruits Induce the Phagocytosis Activity and Capacity of Rat Peritoneal Macrophages

Ridho,

Chaidir,

Syamsi

et al. 2024

jmhs

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Phagocytosis is one of the body's immune mechanisms in the elimination of antigens, including bacteria. Its mechanism is affected by many factors, such as the inducers. The present study aims to elaborate on the effect of ethyl acetate fraction of Momordica charantia L fruits on the activity and capacity of rat peritoneal macrophages on a non-A Staphylococcus aureus, including the white blood cell percentage. A series of M. charantia ethyl acetate extract concentrations of 25 mg/kg BW, 50 mg/kg BW, and 100 mg/kg BW were used to identify the phagocytosis activity and capacity, as well as the percentage of white blood cells (WBC). The result showed that the concentration of 50 mg/kg BW had the highest phagocytic activity and capacity compared to other concentrations (P < 0.05), while for the WBC percentage, there were no significant differences among the concentrations (P > 0.05). The conclusion of the present study is M. charantia ethyl acetate extract has the potential to be used as a natural immunostimulant.

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“…The study used a different species, Staphylococcus epidermidis, but it is still in the same genus as S. aureus. (21) The potency of ethanol leaf extract of other herbal, Spondias pinnata, has been reported to improve the phagocytic activity of macrophage cells challenged with latex beads. (22) The different visualization between the active and inactive macrophages showed phagocytosis activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunomodulatory Activity of Agarwood Aquilaria malaccensis Lamk. Leaf Extracts on Staphylococcus aureus-infected Macrophages in vitro

et al. 2022

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BACKGROUND: Aquilaria malaccensis has been consumed as herbal medicine, and in vitro study showed that the leaf extract possesses high antioxidant activities. A brief preliminary study indicated that A. malaccensis showed a promising immunomodulatory activity when evaluated using latex beads. This current study aimed to evaluate the immunomodulatory activity of A. malaccensis leaf extract on the macrophage, which was challenged with pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus.METHODS: Bioactivity was determined by evaluating the phagocytic capacity of macrophages isolated from Mus musculus against S. aureus. First, the cytotoxicity of extracts on macrophages was evaluated using MTT assays, and the IC50 value was used to determine the dose of immunomodulatory assays. The highest toxicity was observed on chloroform extract with an IC50 value of 111.4 µg/mL. Therefore, the treatment was 100 and 50 µg/mL. Two parameters, including the phagocytic activity and phagocytic capacity of macrophages infected with S. aureus, were used to evaluate immunomodulatory activity. The analysis of variance was done at p<0.05 to determine the significant difference among treatments.RESULTS: Chloroform and ethanol extracts at a 50 µg/mL concentration showed the best results with the phagocytic activity of 82.33%±9.61% and 80.33±1.53%. The ethyl acetate showed lower phagocytic activities of 70.67±1.53. All extracts significantly increased phagocytic activity and phagocytic capacity, and the results differed significantly between negative and positive controls. Thin-layer chromatography indicated that the extract contained terpenoid, flavonoid, phenolic, and tannin.CONCLUSION: A. malaccensis leaf extracts showed immunomodulatory activity. Both chloroform and ethanol extracts showed comparable activity, while the ethyl acetate extract was lower. The extracts contained diverse bioactive compounds that may support activating macrophage cells for immunomodulatory activity.KEYWORDS: Aquilaria malaccensis, immunomodulator, phagocytosis, macrophages, Staphylococcus aureus

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Immunomodulatory Effect of Momordica charantia L. Fruit Ethanol Extract on Phagocytic Activity and Capacity of Mice Peritoneal Macrophages

Cited by 4 publications

References 1 publication

Momordica charantia L. Fruit Fractions inhibit Malondialdehyde Level and Regenerate Hepatic Damage of Hyperglycemic Rats

Momordica charantia L. Fruit Fractions inhibit Malondialdehyde Level and Regenerate Hepatic Damage of Hyperglycemic Rats

Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Momordica Charantia L. Fruits Induce the Phagocytosis Activity and Capacity of Rat Peritoneal Macrophages

Immunomodulatory Activity of Agarwood Aquilaria malaccensis Lamk. Leaf Extracts on Staphylococcus aureus-infected Macrophages in vitro

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