Immunomodulatory effects of Andrographis paniculata extract in healthy adults – An open-label study

Abstract

Background Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees has been well-researched for its immunomodulatory effects. Objective(s) To investigate the immunomodulatory effects of standardized A. paniculata extract (SAPE) in healthy adults. Materials and methods The study was an open-label, single-centre study conducted for 30 days. Thirty participants with absolute lymphocyte counts of 1000–4000 cells/mm 3 were enrolled and were instructed to ingest 200 mg of SAPE daily for 30 days. The participants visited the clinic at baseline, and days 3, 7, and 30. Immune cells such as NK cell (CD3-CD16+CD56+), T cells (CD3+), T helper cells (CD3+CD4+), T cytotoxic cells (CD3+CD8+) were measured using flow cytometry. Serum cytokines that include interferon gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-12 (IL-12), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were measured using ELISA. The SAPE used in this study was a standardized proprietary extract (AP-Bio®/KalmCold®) developed from the leaf extracts of A. paniculata . Results SAPE increased T cells, T helper cells and significantly increased IFN-γ, IL-4, and decreased IL-2 at day 30. A subgroup analysis of participants with absolute lymphocyte counts of 1000–3000 cells/mm 3 indicated that there is a significant increase in the T cells, T helper cells at day 7 and 30 and significant increase in IFN-γ, IL-4 and decrease in IL-2 at day 30. There was no treatment related adverse effects following SAPE intake for 30 days. Conclusion Supplementation of SAPE resulted in immunomodulatory effects evidenced by its effects on immune cells and cytokines and it was found to be safe and tolerable.

The effect of Andrographis paniculata water extract on palliative management of metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma—A phase II clinical trial

“…In fact, AP water extract is a widely used herbal medicine and has a long history of use in Asian countries; the safety clinical profiles have been established in patients with different diseases (Hossain et al, 2021; Worakunphanich et al, 2021). A recent report also demonstrated that supplementation of standardized AP extract in healthy subjects was found to be safe and tolerable (Rajanna et al, 2021). Hence, the current Phase II clinical trial further confirms the safety of AP in esophageal cancer patients.…”

Preventive Mechanism of Lycopene on Intestinal Toxicity Caused by Cyclophosphamide Chemotherapy in Mice by Regulating TLR4-MyD88/TRIF-TRAF6 Signaling Pathway and Gut-Liver Axis

“…IFN-γ is secreted by Th1 cells and enhances cellular immune function. Therefore, the levels of IL-4, IL-12, and IFN-γ cytokines can reflect the status of humoral and cellular immunity [ 35 ]. Our results showed that the levels of IL-4, IL-12, and IFN-γ in the CYC group were significantly decreased, indicating that CYC inhibited the cellular and humoral immunity of mice.…”

A Reappraisal of the Antiviral Properties of and Immune Regulation through Dietary Phytochemicals

“…Lee et al demonstrated that andrographolide treatment reduces hepatic neutrophil/macrophage infiltration, local inflammation, and liver damage in thioacetamide-induced mouse hepatic fibrosis . Rajanna et al has shown that standardized A. paniculata extract (SAPE) increased T cells and T helper cells and significantly increased IFN-γ, IL-4, and decreased IL-2 at day 30 in healthy adults . It has also been reported that andrographolide can suppress humoral and cellular adaptive immune responses.…”

“…105 Rajanna et al has shown that standardized A. paniculata extract (SAPE) increased T cells and T helper cells and significantly increased IFN-γ, IL-4, and decreased IL-2 at day 30 in healthy adults. 106 It has also been reported that andrographolide can suppress humoral and cellular adaptive immune responses. In vitro, this molecule inhibited T cell proliferation and cytokine release in response to allogenic stimulation.…”