Immunomodulatory effects of dietary β-1,3-glucan from Euglena gracilis in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) immersion vaccinated against Yersinia ruckeri

Skov, Jakob; Kania, Per W.; Holten-Andersen, Lars; Fouz, Belén; Buchmann, Kurt

doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2012.04.009

Cited by 95 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Our comparative approach using two ERM vaccines with different efficacies and a nonimmunized infected control group allowed us to correlate protection to cellular and humoral events in the hosts. Although it would be expected that adaptive elements should play a prominent role in protection, we observed that factors often related to the innate immune response (SAA, complement factors, lysozyme, and macrophage activity) (6,(33)(34)(35) were found in vaccinated fish at higher levels than were seen in nonimmunized fish. This indicated that innate effector molecules are also of importance for pathogen elimination even in vaccinates in the early phase of infection.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 60%

“…Several controls were included in each qPCR plate setup. Thus, control wells with no template and control wells with no reverse transcriptase (in duplicate) were used (6,17). The primers and probes used are shown in Table 2.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All organs exhibited significant and high Several in number and diffuse in distribution (moderate to severe) 6 Numerous with multifocal distribution (severe) 7…”

Section: Gene Expression (I) Complement Factors (C3 and C5)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Following the immunization of rainbow trout with a vaccine against enteric redmouth disease (ERM) and subsequent challenge with Yersinia ruckeri, it has been shown that genes encoding various cytokines, chemokines, cell marker-and immune-related proteins (acute-phase reactants, immunoglobulin and complement, and lysozyme) become activated (2,3) in central immune organs. Humoral responses reflected by increased plasma antibody and lysozyme levels have also been documented (1,(4)(5)(6). However, limited information is available on the dynamic cellular processes associated with protection, due to a lack of anatomical and histopathological investigations of central immune organs following vaccination and infection.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Insight from Molecular, Pathological, and Immunohistochemical Studies on Cellular and Humoral Mechanisms Responsible for Vaccine-Induced Protection of Rainbow Trout against Yersinia ruckeri

Deshmukh

Kania

Chettri

et al. 2013

Clin. Vaccine Immunol.

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bThe immunological mechanisms associated with protection of vaccinated rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, against enteric redmouth disease (ERM), caused by Yersinia ruckeri, were previously elucidated by the use of gene expression methodology and immunochemical methods. That approach pointed indirectly to both humoral and cellular elements being involved in protection. The present study correlates the level of protection in rainbow trout to cellular reactions in spleen and head kidney and visualizes the processes by applying histopathological, immunohistochemical, and in situ hybridization techniques. It was shown that these cellular reactions, which were more prominent in spleen than in head kidney, were associated with the expression of immune-related genes, suggesting a Th2-like response. Y. ruckeri, as shown by in situ hybridization (ISH), was eliminated within a few days in vaccinated fish, whereas nonprotected fish still harbored bacteria for a week after infection. Vaccinated fish reestablished normal organ structure within a few days, whereas nonprotected fish showed abnormalities up to 1 month postinfection. Protection in the early phase of infection was mainly associated with the expression of genes encoding innate factors (complement factors, lysozyme, and acute phase proteins), but in the later phase of infection, increased expression of adaptive immune genes dominated. The histological approach used has shown that the cellular changes correlated with protection of vaccinated fish. They comprised transformation of resident cells into macrophage-like cells and increased occurrence of CD8␣ and IgM cells, suggesting these cells as main players in protection. Future studies should investigate the causality between these factors and protection.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 60%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All organs exhibited significant and high Several in number and diffuse in distribution (moderate to severe) 6 Numerous with multifocal distribution (severe) 7…”

Section: Gene Expression (I) Complement Factors (C3 and C5)mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Insight from Molecular, Pathological, and Immunohistochemical Studies on Cellular and Humoral Mechanisms Responsible for Vaccine-Induced Protection of Rainbow Trout against Yersinia ruckeri

Deshmukh

Kania

Chettri

et al. 2013

Clin. Vaccine Immunol.

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“…Indeed, feeding β-glucan to fish hardly improves the production of total or specific immunoglobulins, as observed in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Whittington et al 2005), common carp (Selvaraj et al 2006), rainbow trout (Skov et al 2012, Ghaedi et al 2015 and gilthead sea bream, Sparus aurata (Guzmán-Villanueva et al 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Immunomodulatory effects of dietary β-glucan in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen)

Domenico

Canova²,

Soveral³

et al. 2017

Pesq. Vet. Bras.

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RESUMO.-[Efeito imunomodulador da β-glucana usada como aditivo alimentar em jundiás (Rhamdia quelen).]O uso da β-glucana como suplemento alimentar foi avaliado em jundiás. A β-glucana foi adicionada à ração na proporção de 0.01%, e 0.1% e fornecida aos peixes por 21, para avaliar dados hematológicos e parâmetros do sistema imune natural, ou 42 dias, para avaliar ganho de peso e resistência ao desafio com Aeromonas hydrophila. A adição da β-glucana na dieta não afetou o ganho de peso e não induziu alterações hematológicas nem alterações nos níveis de aglutininas e mieloperoxidase sanguínea. No entanto, a atividade hemolítica natural do sistema do complemento foi significativamente maior nos peixes alimentados com β-glucana. Além disso, nos peixes alimentados com β-glucana e desafiados com A. hydrophila, o número de bactérias isoladas do sangue foi significativamente menor, e a sobrevivência ao desafio foi significativamente maior do que nos peixes que não receberam β-glucana. Consequentemente, concluímos que a β-glucana tem potencial imunomodulador quando adicionada à dieta, nas condições experimentais aqui indicadas, e contribui para aumentar imunidade natural e a resistência dos jundiás ao desafio com patógenos específicos. INTRODUCTIONThe occurrence of infectious diseases is one of the major causes of losses in modern aquaculture (Sitjà-Bobadilla The immunomodulatory effects of dietary β-glucan were evaluated in silver catfish. β-glucan was added to the diet (0.01%, and 0.1%) and fed to the fish for 21 days, to evaluate effects on blood and some innate immune parameter, or fed for 42 days, to evaluate growth rate and resistance to challenge with pathogenic Aeromonas hydrophila. We found that adding β-glucan to the diet had no effect on fish growth and no effect on blood cells, or serum bacterial agglutination and serum myeloperoxidase activity. However, fish that received β-glucan in the diet had the natural hemolytic activity of complement significantly higher compared to control fish. Furthermore, fish fed with β-glucan and challenged with A. hydrophila had fewer bacteria in blood and presented a significantly higher survival rate compared to control fish. Thus, we concluded that β-glucan might be explored as feed additive aiming to improve silver catfish innate immunity and resistance to specific pathogen.INDEX TERMS: Silver catfish, Rhamdia quelen, fish, immunostimulants, β-glucan, Aeromonas hydrophila.

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Fundamentals of Fish Vaccination

Bedekar

Kole

2021

Methods in Molecular Biology

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Immunomodulatory effects of dietary β-1,3-glucan from Euglena gracilis in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) immersion vaccinated against Yersinia ruckeri

Cited by 95 publications

References 51 publications

Insight from Molecular, Pathological, and Immunohistochemical Studies on Cellular and Humoral Mechanisms Responsible for Vaccine-Induced Protection of Rainbow Trout against Yersinia ruckeri

Insight from Molecular, Pathological, and Immunohistochemical Studies on Cellular and Humoral Mechanisms Responsible for Vaccine-Induced Protection of Rainbow Trout against Yersinia ruckeri

Immunomodulatory effects of dietary β-glucan in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen)

Fundamentals of Fish Vaccination

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