Immunomodulatory effects of eicosapentaenoic acid through induction of regulatory T cells

Iwami, Daiki; Nonomura, Katsuya; Shirasugi, Nozomu; Niimi, Masanori

doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2010.11.035

Cited by 33 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…However, besides merely clinical effects, EPA has been suggested to have additional effects on the above mentioned biological disturbances associated with DM and MDD. EPA is thought to lower oxidative stress levels [29]–[31], possibly through its attenuating effects on immune activation [32], [33] and HPA-axis activity [34]–[36]. This would fit with observations of beneficial influences of EPA on oxidative stress associated allostatic alterations, such as a shift of the one-carbon cycle in the remethylation direction [37] and increases in high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol [32], [38].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Biological Effects of Add-On Eicosapentaenoic Acid Supplementation in Diabetes Mellitus and Co-Morbid Depression: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Mocking¹,

Assies²,

Bot

et al. 2012

PLoS ONE

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BackgroundEicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) may reduce increased risks for (cardiovascular) morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and comorbid major depressive depression (MDD). Yet, effects of EPA-supplementation on biological risk factors for adverse outcomes have not been studied in DM-patients with MDD.MethodsWe performed a randomized, double-blind trial (n = 25) comparing add-on ethyl-EPA-supplementation to placebo on (I) oxidative stress, (II) inflammatory, (III) hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-axis, (IV) one-carbon-cycle, (V) fatty acid metabolism and (VI) lipoprotein parameters during 12-weeks' follow-up.ResultsBesides increases in supplemented α-tocopherol [estimate (95% CI); 3.62 (1.14–6.11) µmol/l; p = 0.006] and plasma and erythrocyte EPA, the intervention did not influence other oxidative stress, inflammatory or one-carbon-cycle parameters compared to placebo. HPA-axis reactivity significantly decreased in the EPA-group (N = 12) [AUCi: −121.93 (−240.20–−3.47) min×nmol/l; p = 0.045], not in the placebo-group (N = 12). Furthermore, EPA-supplementation increased erythrocyte and plasma docosapentaenoic acid, and decreased plasma arachidonic acid (AA) concentrations [−1.61 (−3.10–−0.11) %; p = 0.036]. Finally, EPA had a multivariate influence on lipoprotein concentrations (p = 0.030), reflected by relative increases in high density lipoprotein [HDL; 0.30 (0.02–0.58) mmol/l; p = 0.039] and total cholesterol concentrations [1.01 (0.29–1.72) mmol/l; p = 0.008].ConclusionOverall, add-on EPA-supplementation had limited effects on biological risk factors for adverse outcome in this sample of DM-patients with comorbid MDD. Besides increases in concentrations of supplemented α-tocopherol and EPA, AA decreased, and inconclusive effects on HPA-axis (re)activity and lipoprotein concentrations were observed. Therefore, further studies on the alleged beneficial effects of EPA-supplementation on biological risk factors for adverse outcome in DM-patients with comorbid MDD seem warranted, preferably using clinical outcomes such as (cardiovascular) DM-complications.Trial RegistrationControlled-Trials.com ISRCTN30877831 ISRCTN30877831

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Biological Effects of Add-On Eicosapentaenoic Acid Supplementation in Diabetes Mellitus and Co-Morbid Depression: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Mocking¹,

Assies²,

Bot

et al. 2012

PLoS ONE

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“…Several studies suggest that DHA and EPA have immunoregulatory and/or antiinflammatory properties. 29,34 Lower levels of n-3 fatty acids have been found in asthmatics relative to control subjects, 35 but others found no association between levels of n-3 fatty acids and asthma in schoolchildren aged 8 to 13 years. 36 In addition, the optimal intake of n-3 fatty acids in young children remains controversial.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fish Consumption in Infancy and Asthma-like Symptoms at Preschool Age

Jong

Vries²,

Franco³

et al. 2012

Pediatrics

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OBJECTIVE: To assess whether timing of introduction of fish and the amount of fish consumption in infancy were associated with asthmalike symptoms at preschool age. METHODS: This study was embedded in the Generation R study (a population-based birth cohort in Rotterdam, Netherlands). At the age of 12 and 14 months, timing of introduction of fish into the infant’s diet was assessed. The amount of fish consumption at 14 months was assessed by a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. Presence of asthmalike symptoms in the past year was assessed at the child’s age of 36 and 48 months. RESULTS: Relative to no introduction in the first year of life, introduction between age 6 and 12 months was significantly associated with a lower risk of wheezing at 48 months (odds ratio [OR]: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.43–0.94). When compared with introduction between 6 and 12 months, no introduction in the first year and introduction between 0 and 6 months were associated with an increased risk of wheezing at 48 months (OR: 1.57; 95% CI: 1.07–2.31 and OR: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.07–2.19, respectively). The amount of fish at age 14 months was not associated with asthmalike symptoms (P > .15). CONCLUSIONS: Introduction of fish between 6 and 12 months but not fish consumption afterward is associated with a lower prevalence of wheezing. A window of exposure between the age of 6 and 12 months might exist in which fish might be associated with a reduced risk of asthma.

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“…Moreover, intraperitoneal injection of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), an omega-3 PUFA, resulted in prolongation of graft survival in a murine transplant model, accompanied by an increased population of Tregs [41]. However, those studies do not conclusively demonstrate a direct function of omega-3 PUFA on the differentiation and/or function of Tregs, given the caveat that in vivo administration of omega-3 PUFA can affect diverse types of accessory cells.…”

Section: Dietary Regulation Of Tregsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Nutritional Research on Regulatory T-Cells

Kim

Lee

2013

Nutrients

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Many clinical and animal studies have shown that certain dietary components exert anti-inflammatory properties that aid in the amelioration of chronic inflammatory diseases. Among the various proposed channels through which dietary components affect immune responses, regulatory T-cells (Tregs) are emerging as key targets for the dietary prevention of chronic inflammatory diseases. In this review, immunoregulation by Tregs is briefly described, followed by a summary of recent advances and possible applications of techniques for the study of Tregs. In addition, this review provides an overview of the current knowledge on Treg regulation by certain dietary components, including vitamins, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and polyphenols. The caveats of previous studies are also discussed in order to highlight the distinctions between dietary studies and immunological approaches. Consequently, this review may help to clarify the means by which nutritional components influence Tregs.

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Immunomodulatory effects of eicosapentaenoic acid through induction of regulatory T cells

Cited by 33 publications

References 95 publications

Biological Effects of Add-On Eicosapentaenoic Acid Supplementation in Diabetes Mellitus and Co-Morbid Depression: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Biological Effects of Add-On Eicosapentaenoic Acid Supplementation in Diabetes Mellitus and Co-Morbid Depression: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Fish Consumption in Infancy and Asthma-like Symptoms at Preschool Age

Advances in Nutritional Research on Regulatory T-Cells

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