Immunomodulatory properties of carbon nanotubes are able to compensate immune function dysregulation caused by microgravity conditions

Crescio, Claudia; Orecchioni, Marco; Ménard‐Moyon, Cécilia; Sgarrella, Francesco; Pippia, P; Manetti, Roberto; Bianco, Alberto; Delogu, Lucia Gemma

doi:10.1039/c4nr02711f

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In particular, it would be necessary to perform further investigations to prove the absence of toxicity and other side effects for healthy cells. For example, we previously noted the lack of studies focused on carbon materials interaction with immune cells 7 , 130 - 132 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene as Cancer Theranostic Tool: Progress and Future Challenges

Orecchioni¹,

Cabizza²,

Bianco³

et al. 2015

Theranostics

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247

138

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Nowadays cancer remains one of the main causes of death in the world. Current diagnostic techniques need to be improved to provide earlier diagnosis and treatment. Traditional therapy approaches to cancer are limited by lack of specificity and systemic toxicity. In this scenario nanomaterials could be good allies to give more specific cancer treatment effectively reducing undesired side effects and giving at the same time accurate diagnosis and successful therapy. In this context, thanks to its unique physical and chemical properties, graphene, graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene (rGO) have recently attracted tremendous interest in biomedicine including cancer therapy.Herein we analyzed all studies presented in literature related to cancer fight using graphene and graphene-based conjugates. In this context, we aimed at the full picture of the state of the art providing new inputs for future strategies in the cancer theranostic by using of graphene.We found an impressive increasing interest in the material for cancer therapy and/or diagnosis. The majority of the works (73%) have been carried out on drug and gene delivery applications, following by photothermal therapy (32%), imaging (31%) and photodynamic therapy (10%). A 27% of the studies focused on theranostic applications. Part of the works here discussed contribute to the growth of the theranostic field covering the use of imaging (i.e. ultrasonography, positron electron tomography, and fluorescent imaging) combined to one or more therapeutic modalities. We found that the use of graphene in cancer theranostics is still in an early but rapidly growing stage of investigation. Any technology based on nanomaterials can significantly enhance their possibility to became the real revolution in medicine if combines diagnosis and therapy at the same time. We performed a comprehensive summary of the latest progress of graphene cancer fight and highlighted the future challenges and the innovative possible theranostic applications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene as Cancer Theranostic Tool: Progress and Future Challenges

Orecchioni¹,

Cabizza²,

Bianco³

et al. 2015

Theranostics

Self Cite

247

138

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“…Although these approaches can elucidate the effect of GO flakes on the expression of some specific proteins, they are limited in their ability to provide a reliable insight into a global genomic effect that better reflects overall impact of GO on the immune system. Our group previously described the effect of functionalized carbon nanotubes (f‐CNTs) on immune cell activation …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular and Genomic Impact of Large and Small Lateral Dimension Graphene Oxide Sheets on Human Immune Cells from Healthy Donors

Orecchioni

Jasim

Pescatori

et al. 2015

Adv Healthcare Materials

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Graphene oxide (GO) is attracting great interest in biomedical sciences. The impact of GO on immune cells is one fundamental area of study that is often overlooked, but critical in terms of clinical translation. This work investigates the effects of two types of thoroughly characterized GO sheets, different in their lateral dimension, on human peripheral immune cells provided from healthy donors using a wide range of assays. After evaluation of cell viability, the gene expression was analyzed, following GO exposure on 84 genes related to innate and adaptive immune responses. Exposure to GO small sheets was found to have a more significant impact on immune cells compared to GO large sheets, reflected in the upregulation of critical genes implicated in immune responses and the release of cytokines IL1β and TNFα. These findings were further confirmed by whole-genome microarray analysis of the impact of small GO sheets on T cells and monocytes. Activation in both cell types was underlined by the overexpression of genes such as CXCL10 and receptor CXCR3. Significant energy-dependent pathway modulation was identified. These findings can potentially pave the foundations for further design of graphene that can be used for immune modulation applications, for example in cancer immunotherapy.

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“…Por otra parte, el diseño del nanorobot médico o macrófago artificial "microbívoro", será útil para combatir infecciones, detección, reparación de células cancerosas y monitoreo celular. Ambas innovaciones serán benéficas para vuelos espaciales sobre todo de larga duración (84,85,86,87) .…”

Section: Sistema Inmunológicounclassified

“…Para ello científicos plantean que la vacunación pre-vuelo, medicamentos e inmunonutrición mejoran la respuesta inmune (78,81,83,86) . Asimismo, diseñar materiales a escala nanométrica (bio-nanotecnología) como respirocitos y microbívoros (actualmente en desarrollo), serían efectivos para su aplicación en patologías de los sistemas hematológico e inmunológico respectivamente (73,84,87) .…”

Section: Conclusiónunclassified

Medicina humana espacial: Performance fisiológico y contramedidas para mejorar la salud del astronauta

Rivera¹,

Cornejo²,

Huallpayunca³

et al. 2020

RFMH

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This Review Article is presented based on current scientific evidence on space medicine focused on human physiology and its countermeasures. Therefore, a non-systematic bibliographic search of scientific articles and research books in English-Spanish of the last 7 years was carried out, detailing their application in humans, murine models and in vitro experiments. The conditions of the space environment such as microgravity and radiation that produce considerable physiological changes in the cardiovascular system (redistribution of fluids, cardiovascular remodeling, arrhythmias) were taken into account; nervous (sensorimotor, neurosensory, neurovestibular); respiratory (volume and capacity changes); renal (lithiasis); musculoskeletal (muscular atrophy, osteoporosis); hematological (anemia); immunological (immune dysregulation) and digestive (intestinal microbiota disorder). In addition, there are biological, molecular and genetic processes still to be explored, in order to know and mitigate the uncertain mechanisms triggered in extreme and dangerous environments. Therefore, it is a priority to develop and implement countermeasures to reduce the harmful effects on health, with the aim of guaranteeing the astronaut's adaptation, safety and performance during future space flights.

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Immunomodulatory properties of carbon nanotubes are able to compensate immune function dysregulation caused by microgravity conditions

Cited by 18 publications

References 24 publications

Graphene as Cancer Theranostic Tool: Progress and Future Challenges

Graphene as Cancer Theranostic Tool: Progress and Future Challenges

Molecular and Genomic Impact of Large and Small Lateral Dimension Graphene Oxide Sheets on Human Immune Cells from Healthy Donors

Medicina humana espacial: Performance fisiológico y contramedidas para mejorar la salud del astronauta

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