Immunopharmacological Characterization of a Highly Branched Fungal(1.RAR.3)-.BETA.-D-Glucan, OL-2, Isolated from Omphalia lapidescens.

Ohno, Naohito; Saito, Kazuo; Nemoto, Jiro; Kaneko, Shinya; Adachi, Yoshiyuki; Nishijima, Motohiro; Miyazaki, Toshio; Yadomae, Toshiro

doi:10.1248/bpb.16.414

Cited by 90 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…MBG is one of the fractions of the extract from the fruit body of Grifola frondosa which has shown the strongest antitumor effect (1,17,25). The MBG used in these studies was prepared under standardized conditions, has a molecular weight of 1,000,000, is highly soluble, and does not contain endotoxin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of Umbilical Cord Blood Cell Hematopoiesis by Maitake Beta-Glucan Is Mediated by Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Production

Lin

Cheung

Nesin

et al. 2007

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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Maitake beta-glucan (MBG) is an extract from the fruit body of the Grifola frondosa mushroom that is being widely used to treat cancer in Asia. We have previously reported that MBG enhances mouse bone marrow cell (BMC) hematopoiesis in vitro and protects BMC from doxorubicin (DOX) toxicity. In the current study, we investigated the ability of MBG to enhance hematopoiesis and to reduce the toxic effects of DOX on fresh human umbilical cord blood (CB) cells. MBG treatment significantly enhanced the colony formation unit (CFU) response of granulocytes-macrophages (CFU-GM response) over the whole dose range of 12.5 to 100 g/ml (P < 0.05). The addition of MBG to DOX-treated CB cells significantly protected granulocyte-macrophage colony formation from the toxicity of DOX, which otherwise produced strong hematopoietic repression. MBG also partially replaced recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF), as shown by a significant augmentation of the CFU-GM response in the absence of rhG-CSF. We found that MBG induces granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) production in CB CD33؉ monocytes, as detected by intracellular cytokine flow cytometric assessment. In contrast, we found that adult peripheral blood monocytes did not produce a significant G-CSF response to MBG, whereas both adult and CB monocytes produced G-CSF in response to lipopolysaccharide. These studies provide the first evidence that MBG induces hematopoietic stem cell proliferation and differentiation of CFU-GM in umbilical CB cells and acts directly to induce G-CSF.Maitake beta-glucan (MBG) is an extract from the fruit body of the Grifola frondosa mushroom that is widely used in Asia for the treatment of cancers, although the mechanism(s) of action is unclear (4). MBG contains glucan polysaccharide compounds that have a beta-1,6-glucopyranoside main chain with branches of beta-1,3-linked glucose (24). The results of experimental studies with animals suggest that MBG administered orally activates the host antitumor response through effects on the immune system rather than by direct cytostatic or cytotoxic effects on tumor cells (19,37). However, dose-response relationships have not been shown (15, 21). Since other beta-glucans have been found to reduce myelosuppression and to enhance hematopoiesis in vitro and the mobilization of stem cells in vivo in animal models (16, 27, 33), we initially tested the effects of MBG on mouse bone marrow cells. Those studies showed for the first time that MBG enhances murine bone marrow cell proliferation and differentiation into granulocytesmacrophages (GMs) in a dose-dependent manner (22). In the presence of the chemotherapy drug doxorubicin (DOX), MBG promoted bone marrow cell viability and protected the bone marrow stem cell colony formation unit response of GMs (CFU-GM response) from DOX-induced hematopoietic toxicity. On the basis of the results of our studies with the mouse, we are interested in the possible use of MBG for myelosuppression secondary to cancer chemotherapy and for ex vivo expa...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of Umbilical Cord Blood Cell Hematopoiesis by Maitake Beta-Glucan Is Mediated by Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Production

Lin

Cheung

Nesin

et al. 2007

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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“…We have long been working on the relationship between structure and immunomodulating activity of b-glucans, using G. frondosa, 11,12) P. vesiculosa, 13) S. sclerotiorum, 14,15) S. commune, 16) O. lapidescens, 17) G. lucidum, 18) S. cerevisiae, 19) C. albicans 20) and M. furfur. 21) During this period, we found the activity was significantly dependent on the molecular weight, degree of branching, and conformation, in a preclinical animal study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of SCG, 1,3-β-<small>D</small>-Glucan from <i>Sparassis crispa</i> on the Hematopoietic Response in Cyclophosphamide Induced Leukopenic Mice

Harada

Miura

Adachi

et al. 2002

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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The major side-effect of most anti-cancer chemotherapeutic drugs is neutropenia, and the administration of these drugs impairs blood-forming functions (e.g. the generation of neutrophils, NK cells, etc.) that are important to maintain the defense systems of the patients. As a result, chemotherapy may accelerate the risk of tumor metastases and fungal infection. Metastasis of tumor cells is a serious concern, causing deterioration in the condition of patients receiving cancer therapy.

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“…Many researchers have also reported that mushroom polysaccharides in vivo enhanced immunoreactivity, including the activation of macrophages, cytotoxic T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. [2][3][4] In these processes, the various cytokines released from macrophages/monocytes may play an important role in the initial activation. Moreover, they are known to play critical roles in the induction, regulation, and expression of both humoral and cellular immune responses.…”

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confidence: 99%

Partial Characterization and Immunostimulatory Effect of a Novel Polysaccharide–Protein Complex Extracted fromPhellinus linteus

Kim

Lee

et al. 2006

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry

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Immunopharmacological Characterization of a Highly Branched Fungal(1.RAR.3)-.BETA.-D-Glucan, OL-2, Isolated from Omphalia lapidescens.

Cited by 90 publications

References 0 publications

Enhancement of Umbilical Cord Blood Cell Hematopoiesis by Maitake Beta-Glucan Is Mediated by Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Production

Enhancement of Umbilical Cord Blood Cell Hematopoiesis by Maitake Beta-Glucan Is Mediated by Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Production

Effect of SCG, 1,3-β-<small>D</small>-Glucan from <i>Sparassis crispa</i> on the Hematopoietic Response in Cyclophosphamide Induced Leukopenic Mice

Partial Characterization and Immunostimulatory Effect of a Novel Polysaccharide–Protein Complex Extracted fromPhellinus linteus

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Immunopharmacological Characterization of a Highly Branched Fungal(1.RAR.3)-.BETA.-D-Glucan, OL-2, Isolated from Omphalia lapidescens.

Cited by 90 publications

References 0 publications

Enhancement of Umbilical Cord Blood Cell Hematopoiesis by Maitake Beta-Glucan Is Mediated by Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Production

Enhancement of Umbilical Cord Blood Cell Hematopoiesis by Maitake Beta-Glucan Is Mediated by Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Production

Effect of SCG, 1,3-&beta;-<small>D</small>-Glucan from <i>Sparassis crispa</i> on the Hematopoietic Response in Cyclophosphamide Induced Leukopenic Mice

Partial Characterization and Immunostimulatory Effect of a Novel Polysaccharide–Protein Complex Extracted fromPhellinus linteus

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Effect of SCG, 1,3-β-<small>D</small>-Glucan from <i>Sparassis crispa</i> on the Hematopoietic Response in Cyclophosphamide Induced Leukopenic Mice