Immunosensors

Cristea, Cécilia; Florea, Anca; Tertiş, Mihaela; Săndulescu, Robert

doi:10.5772/60524

Cited by 26 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 115 publications

(131 reference statements)

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“…In enzymatic biosensor, an electrochemical signal (i.e., redox related current) is measured in relation to the conversion of the analyte in an electroactive species by the bioreceptor (i.e., transducer integrated enzymes, cellular organelles, tissues or whole microorganisms). If the transducer incorporates a biological or biomimetic receptor molecules that can reversibly bind the target analyte with high selectivity in a non-destructive way we are referring to affinity biosensors [ 84 ]. In that case, the biorecognition molecules include antibodies, nucleic acids, molecular imprinted polymers, peptides and lectins.…”

Section: Analytical Methods For Antibiotic Detection and Quantificmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Nanoparticles for Antibiotics Detection

2017

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Widespread use of antibiotics has led to pollution of waterways, potentially creating resistance among freshwater bacterial communities. Microorganisms resistant to commonly prescribed antibiotics (superbug) have dramatically increased over the last decades. The presence of antibiotics in waters, in food and beverages in both their un-metabolized and metabolized forms are of interest for humans. This is due to daily exposure in small quantities, that, when accumulated, could lead to development of drug resistance to antibiotics, or multiply the risk of allergic reaction. Conventional analytical methods used to quantify antibiotics are relatively expensive and generally require long analysis time associated with the difficulties to perform field analyses. In this context, electrochemical and optical based sensing devices are of interest, offering great potentials for a broad range of analytical applications. This review will focus on the application of magnetic nanoparticles in the design of different analytical methods, mainly sensors, used for the detection of antibiotics in different matrices (human fluids, the environmental, food and beverages samples).

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Section: Analytical Methods For Antibiotic Detection and Quantificmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Nanoparticles for Antibiotics Detection

2017

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“…Important progress has been made in the last years in the development and design of immunosensors regarding the immobilization method in particular in the use of nanomaterials [18].…”

Section: Platform Design For Ad Biosensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Biosensors as Potential Diagnostic Devices for Autoimmune Diseases

et al. 2019

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An important class of biosensors is immunosensors, affinity biosensors that are based on the specific interaction between antibodies and antigens. They are classified in four classes based on the type of employed transducer: electrochemical, optical, microgravimetric, and thermometric and depending on the type of recognition elements, antibodies, aptamers, microRNAs and recently peptides are integrating parts. Those analytical devices are able to detect peptides, antibodies and proteins in various sample matrices, without many steps of sample pretreatment. Their high sensitivity, low cost and the easy integration in point of care devices assuring portability are attracting features that justify the increasing interest in their development. The use of nanomaterials, simultaneous multianalyte detection and integration on platforms to form point-of-care devices are promising tools that can be used in clinical analysis for early diagnosis and therapy monitoring in several pathologies. Taking into account the growing incidence of autoimmune disease and the importance of early diagnosis, electrochemical biosensors could represent a viable alternative to currently used diagnosis methods. Some relevant examples of electrochemical assays for autoimmune disease diagnosis developed in the last several years based on antigens, antibodies and peptides as receptors were gathered and will be discussed further.

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“…The bioreceptor is the element responsible to provide a specific biorecognition event for a target analyte, whereas the transducer transforms this biochemical reaction in a measurable signal that is processed by the signal processor. They can be classified according to the biorecognition element, which can be based on catalytic (enzymes, cells or tissues) [ 15 ] or affinity interactions, namely antibodies (ABs) or nucleic acids [ 16 ]. The current review will focus on immunosensors, which are biosensors that employ antibodies as bioreceptors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure16. SPR optical fiber for specific detection of CRP: (a) representation of the sensing system in a reflected mode: the Au layer was modified with polydopamine as intermediary layer where the anti-CRP antibodies were bonded; (b) wavelength shift as response to CRP concentration; a control experiment using BSA is also displayed.…”

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Immunosensing Based on Optical Fiber Technology: Recent Advances

et al. 2021

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The evolution of optical fiber technology has revolutionized a variety of fields, from optical transmission to environmental monitoring and biomedicine, given their unique properties and versatility. For biosensing purposes, the light guided in the fiber core is exposed to the surrounding media where the analytes of interest are detected by different techniques, according to the optical fiber configuration and biofunctionalization strategy employed. These configurations differ in manufacturing complexity, cost and overall performance. The biofunctionalization strategies can be carried out directly on bare fibers or on coated fibers. The former relies on interactions between the evanescent wave (EW) of the fiber and the analyte of interest, whereas the latter can comprise plasmonic methods such as surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and localized SPR (LSPR), both originating from the interaction between light and metal surface electrons. This review presents the basics of optical fiber immunosensors for a broad audience as well as the more recent research trends on the topic. Several optical fiber configurations used for biosensing applications are highlighted, namely uncladded, U-shape, D-shape, tapered, end-face reflected, fiber gratings and special optical fibers, alongside practical application examples. Furthermore, EW, SPR, LSPR and biofunctionalization strategies, as well as the most recent advances and applications of immunosensors, are also covered. Finally, the main challenges and an outlook over the future direction of the field is presented.

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Immunosensors

Cited by 26 publications

References 115 publications

Magnetic Nanoparticles for Antibiotics Detection

Magnetic Nanoparticles for Antibiotics Detection

Electrochemical Biosensors as Potential Diagnostic Devices for Autoimmune Diseases

Immunosensing Based on Optical Fiber Technology: Recent Advances

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