Immunotherapy for Advanced Lung Cancer

Asmar, Ramsey; Rizvi, Naiyer A.

doi:10.1097/ppo.0000000000000151

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Contrary to the previous study, in this trial the expression of PD-L1 seemed to play a decisive role in selecting patients who have a better response to the experimental drug (10). Similar results have been obtained with pembrolizumab (11) and other immunological agents (12). These data have prompted the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to approve nivolumab and pembrolizumab in NSCLC patients progressing after a platinum-based regimen (pembrolizumab only in PD-L1-positive patients).…”

supporting

confidence: 85%

Is the Chemotherapy Era in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Really Over? Maybe not Yet

Russo

Imbimbo

Garassino

2016

Tumori

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Lung cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed tumors in both the male and female population. In Italy it is the leading cause of cancer deaths in men and the third in women. Although the 5-year survival rate has moderately increased in the last years, the diagnosis remains associated with a very poor prognosis. However, in the last decade significant progress has been made, also in the treatment of advanced-stage non-small cell lung cancer. The advent of targeted therapies and the recent explosion of immunotherapy seem to have limited the role of chemotherapy. But is this completely true? The aim of this editorial is to discuss some of the most controversial aspects of the therapeutic scenario in non-small cell lung cancer, with particular attention to the role that chemotherapy still plays.

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supporting

confidence: 85%

Is the Chemotherapy Era in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Really Over? Maybe not Yet

Russo

Imbimbo

Garassino

2016

Tumori

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“…While eliciting an antigen-specific T-cell response, costimulatory and co-inhibitory factors play a key role in immune regulation post-stimulation of the TCR [ 220 ]. After the TCR recognizes the antigenic peptides displayed by both the classes of MHC I & II molecules on the surface of antigen-presenting cells (APC), the entire T-cell activation process requires a second costimulatory signal generated by the costimulatory T-cell surface receptor CD28 that binds to B7 ligand subtypes CD80 and CD86 present on APCs surface [ 5 , 221 ]. T-cell activation and subsequent immunological response are aided by the co-stimulation of CD28 with other related molecules, such as CD134 and CD137.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lung cancer immunotherapy: progress, pitfalls, and promises

et al. 2023

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Lung cancer is the primary cause of mortality in the United States and around the globe. Therapeutic options for lung cancer treatment include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and targeted drug therapy. Medical management is often associated with the development of treatment resistance leading to relapse. Immunotherapy is profoundly altering the approach to cancer treatment owing to its tolerable safety profile, sustained therapeutic response due to immunological memory generation, and effectiveness across a broad patient population. Different tumor-specific vaccination strategies are gaining ground in the treatment of lung cancer. Recent advances in adoptive cell therapy (CAR T, TCR, TIL), the associated clinical trials on lung cancer, and associated hurdles are discussed in this review. Recent trials on lung cancer patients (without a targetable oncogenic driver alteration) reveal significant and sustained responses when treated with programmed death-1/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) checkpoint blockade immunotherapies. Accumulating evidence indicates that a loss of effective anti-tumor immunity is associated with lung tumor evolution. Therapeutic cancer vaccines combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) can achieve better therapeutic effects. To this end, the present article encompasses a detailed overview of the recent developments in the immunotherapeutic landscape in targeting small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Additionally, the review also explores the implication of nanomedicine in lung cancer immunotherapy as well as the combinatorial application of traditional therapy along with immunotherapy regimens. Finally, ongoing clinical trials, significant obstacles, and the future outlook of this treatment strategy are also highlighted to boost further research in the field.

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“…Metastasis to other organs, especially the brain, is considered to be responsible for the high mortality rate associated with lung cancer [3]. Nowadays, the implementation of immunotherapy has become more and more encouraging and promising in the treatment and management of lung cancer [4]. Meanwhile, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), a heterogeneous group of immune cells from the myeloid lineage, which serve as suppressors of antitumor immunity, have been found to contribute to the immunosuppressive microenvironment during tumor development [5].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

miR-21 regulates immunosuppression mediated by myeloid-derived suppressor cells by impairing RUNX1-YAP interaction in lung cancer

et al. 2020

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Background Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are known suppressors of antitumor immunity and contribute to immunosuppressive microenvironment during tumor development including lung cancer. Accumulating evidence shows microRNAs (miRNAs) affect tumor-expanded MDSC accumulation and function in tumor microenvironment and favor solid tumor growth. Herein, we aim to characterize the role of miR-21 in regulating the accumulation and activity of MDSCs in lung cancer. Methods The proportions of MDSCs, T helper cells (Th), and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) were evaluated by flow cytometric analyses of peripheral blood and tumor tissues collected from Lewis lung-cancer-bearing mice. T cell proliferation assay was performed in CD4+ or CD8+ T cells cocultured with MDSCs. MDSC apoptosis was examined by flow cytometric analysis. The levels of IL-10, TGF-β, and GM-CSF in mouse serum were determined by ELISA. miR-21 targeting RUNX1 and RUNX1 interaction with YAP were evaluated by RIP, dual-luciferase reporter gene, and ChIP assays. Results MiR-21 inhibition by its antagomir reduced the proportion of MDSCs, increased the proportion of Th and CTL in peripheral blood and tumor tissues of Lewis lung-cancer-bearing mice, protected Th and CTL from the suppression of MDSCs, increased apoptosis of MDSCs, but reduced IL-10, TGF-β and GM-CSF levels in mouse serum. RUNX1 could transcriptionally inhibit the YAP expression, whereas miR-21 targeting RUNX1 led to elevated YAP expression levels. Mechanistic investigation showed that miR-21 maintained MDSC accumulation in tumor microenvironment and promoted immunosuppressive ability of MDSCs in Lewis lung-cancer-bearing mice by down-regulating RUNX1and up-regulating YAP. Conclusions Taken together, the study provides evidence that targeting miR-21 in MDSCs may be developed as an immunotherapeutic approach to combat lung cancer development.

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Immunotherapy for Advanced Lung Cancer

Cited by 10 publications

References 44 publications

Is the Chemotherapy Era in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Really Over? Maybe not Yet

Is the Chemotherapy Era in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Really Over? Maybe not Yet

Lung cancer immunotherapy: progress, pitfalls, and promises

miR-21 regulates immunosuppression mediated by myeloid-derived suppressor cells by impairing RUNX1-YAP interaction in lung cancer

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