Immunotherapy for visceral leishmaniasis: A trapeze of balancing counteractive forces

Mazire, Priyanka H.; Saha, Bhaskar; Roy, Amit

doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108969

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…Current drugs used to treat CanL often fail to clear the infection, while inducing numerous side effects [ 80 , 81 ]. As CanL is an immunomodulated disease, the use of immunotreatments should strengthen the deficient immune response of infected dogs [ 82 , 83 ]. The vaccine was composed of killed Leishmania infantum parasites associated with NPLs (NPL/L.inf).…”

Section: Lipidated Cationic Maltodextrin Nps For Antigen Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Maltodextrin-Nanoparticles as a Delivery System for Nasal Vaccines: A Review Article

Fasquelle,

Scuotto,

Howsam

et al. 2024

Pharmaceutics

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Nanoparticles are increasingly being studied as antigen delivery systems for immunization with nasal vaccines. The addition of adjuvants is still generally required in many nanoparticle formulations, which can induce potential side effects owing to mucosal reactogenicity. In contrast, maltodextrin nanoparticles do not require additional immunomodulators, and have been shown to be efficient vaccine delivery systems. In this review, the development of maltodextrin nanoparticles is presented, specifically their physico-chemical properties, their ability to load antigens and deliver them into airway mucosal cells, and the extent to which they trigger protective immune responses against bacterial, viral, and parasitic infections. We demonstrate that the addition of lipids to maltodextrin nanoparticles increases their potency as a vaccine delivery system for nasal administration.

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Section: Lipidated Cationic Maltodextrin Nps For Antigen Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Maltodextrin-Nanoparticles as a Delivery System for Nasal Vaccines: A Review Article

Fasquelle,

Scuotto,

Howsam

et al. 2024

Pharmaceutics

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“…V isceral Leishmaniasis (VL), also known as kala-azar is a tropical and subtropical parasitic disease, which is caused by various species of “ Leishmania ”, transmitted through female phlebotomine sand flies ( 1 ). The parasite and its carrier are various, depending on the geographical area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) Clinical Presentation, Laboratory Findings, Treatment Options and Outcome

Khodabandeh,

Moradian,

Sarvari

et al. 2024

IJPA

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Background: Black disease, also known as visceral leishmaniasis (VL), is a parasitic illness caused by various Leishmania species. The risk of morbidity and mortality increases with delayed diagnosis and treatment. Early VL diagnosis and fast appropriate treatment are critical issues in endemic areas. Methods: This study was a retrospective cross-sectional study to investigate the diagnostic and therapeutic course of patients admitted with the diagnosis of VL in the Children's Medical Center (CMC) Hospital, Tehran, Iran. All cases of VL in patients under the age of 18 hospitalized between the years 2012 to 2022 were enrolled. Results: Twenty-seven patients were enrolled with an average age of 28.13 months with the majority of females (51.8%). Common clinical signs were fever (96.2%) and splenomegaly (92.59%). However, lymphadenopathy was rare. The largest number of patients was from Tehran Province, followed by Ardabil, Khuzestan, Gilan, and Alborz provinces. The most common hematological abnormalities were anemia (85.1%) and thrombocytopenia (44.4%). In accordance with the treatment strategy, liposomal amphotericin B and amphotericin B deoxycholate were given to 11 and 5 patients, respectively. Eleven of them received glucantime. The average length of hospitalization for liposomal amphotericin B was 15.36 ± 12.49 days. In comparison with glucantime (18.38 ±10.26 days) and amphotericin B deoxycholate (20.20± 6.18 days), liposomal amphotericin B group hospitalization was shorter than others were. Conclusion: VL should be included in the differential diagnosis of any child who presents with fever, splenomegaly, and anemia. Concerning the treatment strategy in this study, liposomal amphotericin B had more efficiency and shorter hospitalization duration.

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“…Hence, several recent studies have assessed the role of immunotherapeutic treatments to reestablish dogs' cellular immunity and consequently improve parasite control compared to chemotherapeutics [15,16]. Cocktails of Th1 cytokines, e.g., IFN-and IL-2, and anti-Th2-cytokines antibodies such as anti-IL-4 and IL-10, were the subjects of the first studies, and aimed to modulate overall immunity [17]. However, despite encouraging results, their limited efficacy and cost remain a barrier to their widespread therapeutic use; in addition, their pleiotropic action and resultant systemic side effects present a further barrier to their adoption [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective immuno-therapeutic treatment of Canine Leishmaniasis

Ramos

Giannelli²,

Fasquelle³

et al. 2023

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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Background Canine Leishmaniasis (CanL) caused by the L. infantum species is one of the biggest threats to the health of the South American canine population. Chemotherapeutics currently used for the treatment of CanL fail to induce a total parasite clearance while inducing numerous side effects. As CanL is an immunomodulated disease, the use of immuno-treatments should strengthen the deficient immune response of infected dogs. In this study, we evaluated a nasally administered immunotherapy in dogs naturally infected with L. infantum (stage 2), with both visceral and cutaneous manifestations. Noteworthy, some of them were also infected by other parasites (E. canis, D. immitis, A. platys), what worsen their chance of survival. Methodology/Principal findings The treatment was based on 2 intranasal (IN.) administrations of a killed L. infantum parasite loaded into maltodextrin nanoparticles, which treatment was compared with the classical oral administration of Miltefosine (2 mg/kg) for 28 days, as well as a combination of these 2 treatments. The results showed that two IN administrations significantly reduced the serology, and were at least as efficient as the chemotherapy to reduce the skin and bone marrow parasite burden, as well as clinical scores, and that unlike Miltefosine treatments, this nasally administered nanoparticle vaccine was without side effects. Conclusions These results confirm the feasibility of a simple therapeutic immuno-treatment against L. infantum infected dogs, which is a promising tool for future developments.

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Immunotherapy for visceral leishmaniasis: A trapeze of balancing counteractive forces

Cited by 12 publications

References 91 publications

Maltodextrin-Nanoparticles as a Delivery System for Nasal Vaccines: A Review Article

Maltodextrin-Nanoparticles as a Delivery System for Nasal Vaccines: A Review Article

Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) Clinical Presentation, Laboratory Findings, Treatment Options and Outcome

Effective immuno-therapeutic treatment of Canine Leishmaniasis

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