Impact analysis of a honeycomb-filled motorcycle helmet based on coupled head-helmet modelling

Li, Shunfeng; Xiao, Zhihua; Zhang, Yunfei; Li, Q.M.

doi:10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2021.106406

Cited by 40 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The study found that the integrated hybrid foams showed up to 20% higher energy absorption, with the additional energy being absorbed through the densification of foam and the elastic buckling features of the honeycomb. Shunfeng Li et al [11] developed a helmet inspection prototype using coupled headhelmet models and kinematic and biomechanical head injury criteria and found that helmet performance reduces head trauma from impacts improved by maximizing honeycomb filler and liner foam densities. Several research articles have been published on the topic of helmet liner materials, having various foam densities (50 kg/m 3 to 100 kg/m 3 ) affect the impact attenuation [12], agglomerated cork as impact energy absorbers [13], cross-linked high-density polyethylene foam [14], ABS plastic lamina [15], Auxetic PU foam [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED: Structural improvement of 3D woven honeycomb composite liner for enhanced energy absorption and impact performance in aircrew helmet

Singh

Behera

2023

Preprint

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This study aims to enhance the performance of aircrew helmet liners made of 3D woven honeycomb composites through structural improvements. To achieve this, an optimization of the honeycomb design was carried out using a statistical tool by varying its geometrical parameters. A Box Behnken design was employed, using three independent factors: cell height, cell size, and cell wall thickness to assess its impact and their interactions on responses. The performance was evaluated using a multiobjective response to maximize impact energy absorption, achieve the target cushion factor, and balance relative density for lightweight design. Since the liner materials were subjected to flatwise compression and dynamic impact tests to assess their behavior. Additionally, relative density was determined to maintain structural integrity with weight. The results revealed that the honeycomb core with a cell height of 15 mm, a cell size of 10 mm, and a cell wall thickness of 0.6 mm exhibited good behavior. The response surface analysis and contour plots were used to analyze the interactions and combined effects of variables on each response. It was observed that lesser cell size shows significant improvement in impact energy with higher wall thickness. However, the cushion factor implies inadequate energy mitigation. The desirability analysis revealed that the model achieved a desirability of 94% to attain better performance of the aircrew helmet liner at its maximum optimum. This study provides valuable insights into the structural design of 3D woven honeycomb composite liners for aircrew helmets and its findings signify the potential for applications in the aerospace and defense industries.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED: Structural improvement of 3D woven honeycomb composite liner for enhanced energy absorption and impact performance in aircrew helmet

Singh

Behera

2023

Preprint

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“…Motorcyclists are the most vulnerable road users [2]. Head injuries of motorcyclists are the main cause of accident deaths [3]. The helmet is the most effective means of head protection for mitigating the risk of head injuries [4], as motorcycle helmets can significantly reduce the risk of head injury by around 69% [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel bio-inspired helmet with auxetic lattice liners for mitigating traumatic brain injury

Chen,

Li,

et al. 2023

Smart Mater. Struct.

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The human head is most vulnerable to injury during activities such as road traffic and sports. To mitigate the risk of traumatic brain injury (TBI), helmets serve as an important protective device. This study proposes a hedgehog biomimetic helmet with auxetic lattice liners in the shape of a hemisphere. The helmeted head impact configuration is built based on a high bio-fidelity head-neck finite element model incorporated into our novel helmet model. Biomechanical responses including acceleration, intracranial pressure, and von Mises strain of head are extracted from the simulation model to assess TBI risks. The results indicate that the helmet featuring auxetic lattice liners outperforms those without liners or with other liner designs, offering superior protection. Compared to the threshold, the novel helmet design was found to reduce the head injury criterion value by 72.65%. Additionally, parametric studies of lattice’s bar radius for uniform and graded auxetic lattice liners are discussed. Finally, this study also carries out the optimization design of lattice strut radius and height, resulting in a lightweight auxetic lattice liner with superior protective performance. The outcomes of this study extend the application of auxetic materials and provide guidance for designing helmet liners that better mitigate TBI.

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“…This class of structure has been found in numerous applications such as aerospace, automotive and personal protective equipment [40], owing to their high relative energy dissipation that can be achieved at near constant stress [22]. The adoption of honeycomb type structures within helmet design improves user safety [41,42]. For example, localised reinforcement [43,44], exclusive use [45], or a hybrid combination of foam [46] and honeycombs provide superior performance relative to a monolithic equivalent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimisation of an elastomeric pre-buckled honeycomb helmet liner for advanced impact mitigation

Adams

Soe

Theobald

2023

Smart Mater. Struct.

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Advances in computational modelling now offer an efficient route to developing novel helmet liners that could exceed contemporary materials' performance. Furthermore, the rise of accessible additive manufacturing presents a viable route to achieving otherwise unobtainable material structures. This study leverages an established finite element-based approach to the optimisation of cellular structures for the loading conditions of a typical helmet impact. A novel elastomeric pre-buckled honeycomb structure is adopted and optimised, the performance of which is baselined relative to vinyl nitrile foam under direct and oblique loading conditions. Results demonstrate that a simplified optimisation strategy is scalable to represent the behaviour of a full helmet. Under oblique impact conditions, the optimised pre-buckled honeycomb liner exceeds the contemporary material performance when considering computed kinematic metrics head and rotational injury criterion, by up to 49.9% and 56.6%. Furthermore, when considering tissue-based severity metrics via finite element simulations of a human brain model, maximum principal strain and cumulative strain density measures are reduced by 14.9% and 66.7% when comparing the new material, to baseline.

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Impact analysis of a honeycomb-filled motorcycle helmet based on coupled head-helmet modelling

Cited by 40 publications

References 39 publications

RETRACTED: Structural improvement of 3D woven honeycomb composite liner for enhanced energy absorption and impact performance in aircrew helmet

RETRACTED: Structural improvement of 3D woven honeycomb composite liner for enhanced energy absorption and impact performance in aircrew helmet

A novel bio-inspired helmet with auxetic lattice liners for mitigating traumatic brain injury

Optimisation of an elastomeric pre-buckled honeycomb helmet liner for advanced impact mitigation

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