Impact direction effect on serious-to-fatal injuries among drivers in near-side collisions according to impact location: Focus on thoracic injuries

Lai, Xinghua; Ma, Chunsheng; Hu, Jingwen; Zhou, Qing

doi:10.1016/j.aap.2012.02.023

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Currently, in the case of frontal collisions, the most advanced hybrid III and THOR dummy. Dummies from the Hybrid III family have a high compatibility index with the human body Research on the behavior of dummies during crash tests has led to the assessment of the head, face, chest, abdomen, lower and upper limb injuries, which are used by all countries around the world [34][35][36]. It should be noted that anthropometric dummies are dedicated to a specific type of test at a specific speed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Volunteers’ Head Displacement with Computer Simulation—Crash Test with Low Speed of 20 km/h

Frej

Jáskiéwicz

2022

Sensors

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Recently, the automotive industry has used simulation programs much more often than experimental research. Computer simulations are more and more often used due to the repeatability of simulation conditions and the possibility of making modifications in simulation objects. Experimental and simulation studies carried out are aimed at developing a model of a simulation dummy adapted to both frontal and rear crash tests, taking into account changes in the moment of resistance in individual joints. The main purpose of the article is to reproduce a real crash test at a low speed of 20 km/h in a simulation program. For this purpose, a series of experimental crash tests with the participation of volunteers was carried out, and then a crash test with a dummy was simulated in the MSC ADAMS program. The experimental studies involved 100 volunteers who were divided into three percentile groups (C5, C50, C95). With the help of force sensors and a high-speed camera, crash tests of volunteers were recorded. The collected data from the force sensors made it possible to map the force in the seat belts. For low-speed crash tests, the displacement and acceleration of individual body parts of the dummy and volunteers can be measured using vision systems. The article identified head displacements of volunteers in the TEMA program based on a video analysis of a crash test film with a frequency of up to 2500 frames per second. The displacement of the simulation dummy’s head in the MSC ADAMS program in the considered crash time interval from 0.0 to 0.4 s for all three percentile groups coincided with the head displacement of the volunteers during the experimental crash test.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Volunteers’ Head Displacement with Computer Simulation—Crash Test with Low Speed of 20 km/h

Frej

Jáskiéwicz

2022

Sensors

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“…Within the scope of this work, the front-to-side collision with an impact against the central area of the vehicle side will be analysed, because this is the configuration in which the biggest range of vehicle body deformation occurs [35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact energy and the risk of injury to motorcar occupants in the front-to side vehicle collision

Ziubiński

Prochowski

Dziewiecki

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The effects of a road accident where one vehicle hits its front on the side of another one are explored. In such cases, the impacted vehicle’s side is usually significantly deformed, which causes a risk of serious injury to vehicle occupants. An analysis of the front-to-side collision covers many non-linear and highly complex processes, especially when it is based on the collision energy balance. For the analysis, a model of a front-to-side motorcar collision and a dummy representing the impacted vehicle’s driver was prepared. The model simulations carried out were supplemented with important experimental test results. The model validation and the drawing of conclusions from research results were based on crash test results. The shares of major components in the front-to-side collision energy balance were determined. The impact energy has been proposed as an alternative predicate of the road accident effects; as a measure of the effects, the risk of injury to vehicle occupant’s head and torso is considered. The model simulations were found to be in good conformity with experimental test results. The research results enabled determining the relation between the side impact energy and the risk of dummy’s head and torso injuries according to the Abbreviated Injury Scale. The relation obtained was approximated using the logit model. This relation helps to reconstruct road accidents and to improve the car side’s passive safety systems. A discussion of the results obtained has shown good consistence between the results of this work and other comparable research results.

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“…The crash test dummy models used consist of assemblies and elements resembling the human body. An ideal crash test dummy should have a simple structure that does not require frequent calibration and, at the same time, be highly durable and repeatable results [20,21]. Currently, in the case of frontal collisions, with the most advanced Hybrid III and THOR dummy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Hybrid III dummies have a high rate of compatibility with the human body. Research on the behavior of dummies during crash tests led to the evaluation of head, face, chest, abdomen, lower and upper limb injuries, which are used by all countries around the world [21,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frontal collision simulation in laboratory conditions

Frej

Jáskiéwicz

Kubiak

et al. 2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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The article presents the displacement of individual body parts of volunteers during a controlled crash test at low speed. The crash test stand used is equipped with a vehicle seat with standard seat belts, which moves along the ramp rails. The stand enables both front, side and rear crash tests. The stand enables crash tests from 5 km/h to 20 km/h. The aim of the research is to compare the displacements of individual parts of the volunteers’ body, taking into account the division into sex. A study carried out on 130 volunteers (80 men and 50 women), at a collision speed of 15 km/h, showed slight differences in the trajectory of the volunteers’ head movement. Before the study, the volunteers were measured and weighed, and then assigned to the appropriate population percentile. Volunteers were classified into a given percentile group on the basis of the mean of 15 anthropometric dimensions of individual body parts. The obtained results are the basis for building a physical model of a dummy.

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Impact direction effect on serious-to-fatal injuries among drivers in near-side collisions according to impact location: Focus on thoracic injuries

Cited by 19 publications

References 19 publications

Comparison of Volunteers’ Head Displacement with Computer Simulation—Crash Test with Low Speed of 20 km/h

Comparison of Volunteers’ Head Displacement with Computer Simulation—Crash Test with Low Speed of 20 km/h

Impact energy and the risk of injury to motorcar occupants in the front-to side vehicle collision

Frontal collision simulation in laboratory conditions

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