Impact force of a surge of water and sediments mixtures against slit check dams

Rossi, Giulia; Armanini, Aronne

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.124

Cited by 20 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Therefore, the overall impact pressure of the debris-flow against the barrier would be a combination of the dynamic and static debris-flow clusters, as shown in Figure 10. Similar methods to calculate the overall impact pressure have been developed by Kwon [46], Hübl et al [47], and Rossi and Armanini [5]. If there is a layer of dynamic debris-flow flowing above a static debris-flow, the depth of the dynamic debris-flow is used to compute the hydrostatic pressure of the static debris-flow.…”

Section: Combined Load Parameters: Impact Load and Momentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The barrier should prevent the overflowing and excessive overtopping of the debris-flow. Additionally, the structural integrity of the barrier should be ensured to avoid wall collapse, which may lead to further damage by initiating a debris-flow [5]. To design barriers as an effective mitigation method against debris-flow, the location of the debris-flow flowpath, which is the path on which debris-flows travel, and the characteristic quantities of debris-flow, such as the volume, height, and impact force, at each flowpath location are required.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hazard Assessment Based on the Combination of DAN3D and Machine Learning Method for Planning Closed-Type Barriers against Debris-Flow

Cheon

Lee

2020

Water

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If a slope located near a densely populated region is susceptible to debris-flow hazards, barriers are used as a mitigation method by placing them in flow channels; i.e., flowpaths. Selecting the location and the design of a barrier requires hazard assessment to determine the width, volume, and impact pressure of debris-flow at the moment of collision. DAN3D (Three-Dimensional Dynamic Analysis), a 3D numerical model for simulating debris-flow, has been widely used to perform hazard assessment; however, solely using DAN3D would be both insufficient and inefficient in finding the optimal barrier location. Therefore, the present study developed a framework that interprets the results from DAN3D simulation without considering any barriers. Then, the framework generates hazard assessment maps showing the impact parameters of debris-flow along the flowpath by various algorithms and machine learning methods, such as the k-means clustering algorithm, and also computes the width of the debris-flow, which is not explicitly calculated in DAN3D. A case study of the debris-flow at Umyeon mountain, Korea, in 2011, was used to generate hazard assessment maps. The maps were demonstrated to be a tool to quickly compute the impact parameters for conceptual barrier design with the aim of finding potential barrier locations.

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Section: Combined Load Parameters: Impact Load and Momentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hazard Assessment Based on the Combination of DAN3D and Machine Learning Method for Planning Closed-Type Barriers against Debris-Flow

Cheon

Lee

2020

Water

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“…However, the aforementioned complexity also goes beyond the limits of the validity of hydraulic formulas (Armanini & Larcher, 2001) or theoretical predictions (Piton et al, 2022). Moreover, the majority of physical studies focused on the hydraulic conditions or lack quantitative indices for evaluating the trapping, overspreading and energy-breaking efficiencies (Armanini & Larcher, 2001;Rossi & Armanini, 2019). Alternatively, numerical studies enable detailed investigations of mechanical trapping and energy dissipations, however, mainly based on discrete element modeling with monodisperse flows (Leonardi et al, 2019;Marchelli et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Jammed and Mobilized Domains in Debris Flow, Debris Avalanche and Rock Avalanche against Slit-check Dams

Kong

Guan

2023

Preprint

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Multiphase geophysical flows impacting slit-check dams can create jammed and mobilized domains, which partially govern the overspreading, energy-breaking, and trapping dynamics. This study presents systematic numerical simulations of debris flows, debris avalanches, and rock avalanches against single-slit structures with narrow, medium, and broad openings, using the coupled computational fluid dynamics and discrete element method (CFD-DEM). A typical debris flow is treated as a mixture of discrete particles (by DEM) and a continuous slurry (by CFD). This model well captures essential physics observed in experiments. We show how flow materials, dynamics, and barrier filters alter the impactinduced jammed and mobilized domains that possibly affect the energy-breaking efficiency. Our results reveal that flow materials (wet versus dry) and dynamics (slow versus fast) jointly drive the hazardous overspreading dynamics, while slit openings dominate the trapping patterns, including clogging with domes, blockage, and self-cleaning.

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“…For instance, check dams are usually constructed in gully channels to reduce sediment mobilization (Borja et al, 2018). However, the implementation of engineering measures usually causes serious ecological environmental problems, including the destruction of the original vegetation, landslide, and slope instability (Borja et al, 2018; Lucas‐Borja et al, 2019; Rossi & Armanini, 2019). The positive effects of biota or vegetation on slope hydrology and slope stability contribute to gully erosion control (e.g., De Baets et al, 2009; Gomide et al, 2014; Guo et al, 2019; Guo, Wang, Kang, & Yang, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The effectiveness of selected vegetation communities in regulating runoff and soil loss from regraded gully banks in the Mollisol region of Northeast China

et al. 2021

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The steep slopes of actively developed gullies are extremely sensitive to erosion in the Mollisol region of Northeast China; however, decision making on the optimal configuration for gully bank protection is under discussion. Here, five vegetation communities were established on regraded gully banks with bare slopes as the control to identify their controlling effects on flow hydraulics and soil erosion through in situ scouring experiments. A hydraulic flume experiment was conducted to clarify the ability of roots to reduce erosion. For vegetated slopes, flow velocity, stream power, and unit stream power decreased by 42-67%, 0-18%, and 44-68%, respectively, while flow depth, shear stress, the Darcy-Weisbach friction coefficient, and Manning coefficient increased by 55-150%, 69-156%, 5-22-times and 2-5-times, respectively. Changes in the seven flow hydraulic parameters were significantly influenced by vegetation coverage, aboveground biomass, root mass density and litter biomass (p < .05). Consequently, the five vegetation communities experienced decreased runoff and soil loss by 19-30% and 78-97%, respectively. Vegetation with tap-roots and rich roots of 1.0-2.0 mm in diameter was more effective in controlling gully bank erosion. Thus, the vegetation community consisting of Dactylis glomerata, Festuca arundinacea, Uraria crinita and Medicago sativa (25:25:25:25) is perfectly acceptable for gully bank protection in the Mollisol region of Northeast China. The results provide a scientific reference for selecting optimal vegetation configuration for gully bank rehabilitation.

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Impact force of a surge of water and sediments mixtures against slit check dams

Cited by 20 publications

References 23 publications

Hazard Assessment Based on the Combination of DAN3D and Machine Learning Method for Planning Closed-Type Barriers against Debris-Flow

Hazard Assessment Based on the Combination of DAN3D and Machine Learning Method for Planning Closed-Type Barriers against Debris-Flow

Jammed and Mobilized Domains in Debris Flow, Debris Avalanche and Rock Avalanche against Slit-check Dams

The effectiveness of selected vegetation communities in regulating runoff and soil loss from regraded gully banks in the Mollisol region of Northeast China

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