Impact-modified poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) blends containing both oxazoline-functionalized poly(ethene-co-1-octene) elastomers and poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) as compatibilizer

ABSTRACT:Blends of poly(styrene-co-acylonitrile) (SAN) with ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) rubber were investigated. An improved toughness-stiffness balance of the SAN/EPDM blend was obtained when an appropriate amount of acrylonitrile-EPDM-styrene (AES) graft copolymer was added, prepared by grafting EPDM with styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, and mixed thoroughly with both of the two components of the blend. Morphological observations indicated a finer dispersion of the EPDM particles in the SAN/EPDM/AES blends, and particle size distribution became narrower with increasing amounts of AES. Meanwhile, it was found that the SAN/ EPDM blend having a ratio of 82.5/17.5 by weight was more effective in increasing the impact strength than that of the 90/10 blend. From dynamic mechanic analysis of the blends, the glass-transition temperature of the EPDM-rich phase increased from Ϫ53.9 to Ϫ46.2°C, even Ϫ32.0°C, for the ratio of 82.5/17.5 blend of SAN/EPDM, whereas that of the SANrich phase decreased from 109.2 to 108.6 and 107.5°C with the additions of 6 and 10% AES copolymer contents, respectively. It was confirmed that AES graft copolymer is an efficient compatibilizer for SAN/EPDM blend. The compatibilizer plays an important role in connecting two phases and improving the stress transfer in the blends. Certain morphological features such as thin filament connecting and even networking of the dispersed rubber phase may contribute to the overall ductility of the high impact strength of the studied blends. Moreover, its potential to induce a brittle-ductile transition of the glassy SAN matrix is considered to explain the toughening mechanism.

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Polystyrene and polyester polyurethane elastomer blends compatibilized by SMA

Cassu

Felisberti

2004

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Blends of polystyrene (PS) with polyester polyurethane elastomer (PU-es) were compatibilized by addition of poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) (SMA) containing 7 wt % of maleic anhydride. Binary nonreactive (PS/PUes) blends, binary reactive (SMA/PU-es) blends, and ternary reactive blends (PS/SMA/PU-es) were prepared with 10 and 20 wt % of PU-es. The maleic anhydride content in the ternary reactive blends was varied through addition of different SMA amounts from 0.5 to 5 wt %. Polyurethane in the blends was crosslinked by using dicumyl peroxide or sulfur to improve its mechanical properties. The experimental processing conditions, such as temperature and rotor speed in an internal mixer, were analyzed before blend preparation by processing the individual polymers, PS and SMA, and the PS/PU-es nonreactive blend (90/10), to prevent the degradation of the polymer during melt mixing and to assure macroscopic homogeneity. The torque behavior during the mixture indicated a grafting copolymerization, which was responsible for the significant drop of the PU-es domain size in the glassy matrix, as observed by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). The miscibility of the glassy matrix, which was shown to be dependent on the composition and the phase behavior of ternary blends, became very complex as the SMA concentration increased, as concluded from dynamical-mechanical analysis. Blends containing 20 wt % of PU-es presented an increase up to a factor of 2 in the deflection at break in relation to PS.

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Impact-modified poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) blends containing both oxazoline-functionalized poly(ethene-co-1-octene) elastomers and poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) as compatibilizer

Cited by 13 publications

References 42 publications

Melt modification of poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) with alcohols in the presence of 1,3-oxazolines

Melt modification of poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) with alcohols in the presence of 1,3-oxazolines

Effect of the addition of acrylonitrile/ethylene–propylene–diene monomer (EPDM)/styrene graft copolymer on the morphology–properties relationships in poly(styrene‐co‐acrylonitrile)/EPDM rubber blends

Polystyrene and polyester polyurethane elastomer blends compatibilized by SMA

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