Impact of a Competitive Marathon Race on Systemic Cytokine and Neutrophil Responses

Suzuki, Katsuhiko; Nakaji, Shigeyuki; Yamada, Mutsuo; Liu, Qiang; Kurakake, Shigeyoshi; Okamura, Noriyoshi; Kumae, Takashi; Umeda, Takashi; Sugawara, Kazuo

doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000048861.57899.04

Cited by 304 publications

(342 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Physical activity induces neutrophil priming for oxidative burst and activates acute phase protein release [7,8]. An increase in MPO and lysozyme plasma concentrations has been evidenced as a result of exercise [8,9]. Exhaustive exercise also increases the neutrophil generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation and induces oxidative stress [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant supplementation influences the neutrophil tocopherol associated protein expression, but not the inflammatory response to exercise

et al. 2007

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Abstract:Intense exercise induces inflammatory-like changes and oxidative stress in immune cells. Our aim was to study the effects of antioxidant diet supplementation on the neutrophil inflammatory response and on the tocopherol associated protein (TAP) expression after exhaustive exercise. Fourteen male-trained amateur runners were randomly divided in two placebo and supplemented groups. Vitamins C (152 mg/d) and E (50 mg/d) supplementation were administrated to the athletes for a month, using an almond based isotonic and energetic beverage. Non-enriched beverage was given to the placebo group. After one month, the subjects participated in a half-marathon race (21 km-run). Neutrophil TAP mRNA expression and markers of the inflammatory response were determined before, immediately after, and 3 h after finishing the half-marathon race. TAP expression increased after exercise mainly in the neutrophils of the placebo group. Exercise induced an inflammatory response in both placebo and supplemented groups, manifested with neutrophilia, increased creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase serum activities, neutrophil luminol chemiluminescence and myeloperoxidase release. Plasma malondialdehyde only increased in the placebo group after exercise. Diet supplementation with moderate levels of antioxidant vitamins avoids plasma damage in response to exhaustive exercise without the effects on the inflammatory process. Neutrophil degranulation and increased tocopherol associated protein could contribute to the neutrophil protection from the oxidative stress.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant supplementation influences the neutrophil tocopherol associated protein expression, but not the inflammatory response to exercise

et al. 2007

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“…In the present study, consistent with other findings (29), carbohydrate intake did not influence changes in plasma myeloperoxidase concentration. The increase in plasma myeloperoxidase concentration during the isotonic and water trials may reflect the release of IL-6, which have greater potential for neutrophil degranulation (30)(31)(32). Indeed, consuming the hypotonic drink did reduce plasma calprotectin concentration in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 46%

“…In the case of IL-6, it is unclear whether suppressing the IL-6 response to exercise is beneficial. IL-6 down-regulates the synthesis of TNF-a during exercise (37) whereas it up-regulates production of immunosuppressive cytokines such as IL-1ra and IL-10, neutrophil mobilization and priming (30,31,32), which indicates that IL-6 likely plays an important role in immunosuppression and systemic inflammation following heavy exertion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Sports Drink Osmolality on Fluid Intake and Immunoendocrine Responses to Cycling in Hot Conditions

Hashimoto

Ishijima

et al. 2013

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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SummaryWe investigated the effects of two carbohydrate-based sports drinks on fluid intake and immunoendocrine responses to cycling. Six well-trained male cyclists completed trials on three separate days that involved cycling at 60% V · O2peak for 90 min in hot conditions (28.161.5˚C and 52.663.1% relative humidity). During each trial, the subjects consumed ad libitum (1) an isotonic sports drink (osmolality 317 mOsm/kg), (2) . Blood glucose concentration was significantly higher at the end of the isotonic and hypotonic drink trials compared with the water trial. Neutrophil count and the plasma concentrations of catecholamines, interleukin 6 (IL-6), myeloperoxidase, calprotectin and myoglobin increased significantly during all three trials. IL-6 and calprotectin were significantly lower following the hypotonic drink trial compared with the water trial. In conclusion, hypotonic sports drinks are appealing for athletes to drink during exercise, and may help to offset fluid losses and attenuate some inflammatory responses to exercise.

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“…It is also known that higher serum concentrations of IL-6 are related to more stress in muscle mechanics. This requires adjustments and adaptation in order to stimulate plasticity 27 , which may have occurred by the application of the orthosis, which mimicked the rectification vests.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disuse induced by the spine rectification vest: experimental study

Guirro¹,

Arruda

Silva

2014

Fisioter. Pesqui.

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The spine is the main support and movement axis of the locomotor system, and numberless clinical conditions may require that this structure be submitted to functional restriction. Among the non-invasive treatments used in spinal or appendicular skeleton injuries, the immobilization of the spine is used as a rehabilitation strategy. Because of the functional restrictions generated by restraining devices used on the spine, the proposal of this study was to adapt a spinal orthosis on rats, thus mimicking the immobilization of corrective vests and assessing the energetic conditions of thoracic muscles after 12 weeks of application. Wistar rats that were 42 days old were used in this study (post-weaning period), followed-up for 12 weeks in 2 groups called control (C) and rectification vests (R), which were made of PVC to immobilize the spine. The following concentrations were evaluated: glycogen (GLY) of the paravertebral muscle and the thorax; total proteins and DNA (TP/DNA) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). The normality Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used for statistical analysis, followed by the Tukey test. A 5% level was established for all of the calculations. It was observed that group R presented 12% less body mass and GLY stores 21% lower; the ratio between TP/DNA was in average 6.6% lower; IL-6 concentrations were in average 25% higher. The study shows that the movement restriction in the spine leads to energetic crisis and compromised muscular development. More studies should be conducted with this model to generate physical therapy strategies that could reduce muscle compromise after spine immobilization.

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Impact of a Competitive Marathon Race on Systemic Cytokine and Neutrophil Responses

Abstract: Although many cytokines recruiting and priming neutrophils and monocytes were secreted and functional after exhaustive exercise, overwhelming antioxidant and antiinflammatory defenses were induced, preventing exercise-induced oxidative stress.

Cited by 304 publications

References 30 publications

Antioxidant supplementation influences the neutrophil tocopherol associated protein expression, but not the inflammatory response to exercise

Antioxidant supplementation influences the neutrophil tocopherol associated protein expression, but not the inflammatory response to exercise

The Effects of Sports Drink Osmolality on Fluid Intake and Immunoendocrine Responses to Cycling in Hot Conditions

Disuse induced by the spine rectification vest: experimental study

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