Impact of a probiotic <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> in a gnotobiotic mouse model of experimental colitis

Hoffmann, Micha; Messlik, Anja; Kim, Sandra C.; Sartor, R. Balfour; Haller, Dirk

doi:10.1002/mnfr.201000361

Cited by 19 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Hoffmann et al demonstrated the involvement of E. faecalis as a trigger of proinflammatory intestinal processes and colonic tissue pathology in the bowel of disease-susceptible mice (42,43). Although little is known about the contribution of enterococcal genetic traits to the development of intestinal pathologies, gelatinase production has been shown to promote the development of chronic gut inflammation by increasing the permeability of intestinal epithelial cells (44).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vivo Assessment of Growth and Virulence Gene Expression during Commensal and Pathogenic Lifestyles of luxABCDE -Tagged Enterococcus faecalis Strains in Murine Gastrointestinal and Intravenous Infection Models

Rosa

Casey

Hill

et al. 2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

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c Cytolysin and gelatinase are prominent pathogenicity determinants associated with highly virulent Enterococcus faecalis strains. In an effort to explore the expression profiles of these virulence traits in vivo, we have employed E. faecalis variants expressing the luxABCDE cassette under the control of either the P 16S , cytolysin, or gelatinase promoter for infections of Galleria mellonella caterpillars and mice. Systemic infection of G. mellonella with bioluminescence-tagged E. faecalis MMH594 revealed temporal regulation of both gelatinase and cytolysin promoters and demonstrated that these traits were induced in response to the host environment. Gavage of mice pretreated perorally with antibiotics resulted in efficient colonization of the murine gastrointestinal tract (GIT) in a strain-dependent manner, where the commensal baby isolate EF62 was more persistent than the nosocomial isolate MMH594. A highly significant correlation (R 2 > 0.94) was found between bioluminescence and the CFU counts in mouse fecal samples. Both strains showed similar preferences for growth and persistence in the ileum, cecum, and colon. Cytolysin expression was uniform in these compartments of the intestinal lumen. In spite of high numbers (10 9 CFU/g of intestinal matter) in the ileum, cecum, and colon, no evidence of translocation or systemic infection could be observed. In the murine intravenous infection model, cytolysin expression was readily detected in the liver, kidneys, and bladder. At 72 h postinfection, the highest bacterial loads were found in the liver, kidneys, and spleen, with organ-specific expression levels of cytolysin ϳ400-and ϳ900-fold higher in the spleen and heart, respectively, than in the liver and kidneys. Taken together, this system based on the bioluminescence imaging technology is established as a new, powerful method to monitor the differential regulation of E. faecalis virulence determinants and to study the spatiotemporal course of infection in living animals in real time. Generally described as part of the indigenous flora that inhabits the mammalian gastrointestinal tract (GIT), Enterococcus faecalis has emerged in the last decades as a leading pathogenic agent associated with hospital-acquired diseases, including urinary tract, blood, endocardial, and surgical wound infections (1). In an effort to gain new insights into enterococcal infection prevention and treatment, several studies have investigated and dissected the virulence machinery of this opportunistic microorganism, revealing a number of pathogenicity determinants displaying a higher incidence in clinical isolates (2). These pathogenicity determinants include the toxin cytolysin Cyl, the serine protease SprE, and the protease gelatinase GelE, extensively examined in vitro and in vivo infection models (3, 4). Cyl is a two-peptide lantibiotic cytolytic toxin with the ability to lyse eukaryotic cells and is also capable of acting as a bacteriocin against a broad spectrum of Gram-positive bacteria. Exotoxin synthesis and maturation involve t...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vivo Assessment of Growth and Virulence Gene Expression during Commensal and Pathogenic Lifestyles of luxABCDE -Tagged Enterococcus faecalis Strains in Murine Gastrointestinal and Intravenous Infection Models

Rosa

Casey

Hill

et al. 2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…Although the beneficial effects of some probiotics as well as probiotic-derived molecules in improving intestinal injury have been demonstrated in acute enteritis models 19,20,22,24,[34][35][36][37][38] , the effects of probiotic-produced bioactive molecules on chronic enteritis remain unclear.…”

Section: Poly P Inhibits the Upregulation Of Inflammation-and Fibrosimentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyphosphate, an active molecule derived from probiotic Lactobacillus brevis, improves the fibrosis in murine colitis

Kashima

Dokoshi

Konishi

et al. 2015

Translational Research

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“…IL10-gene-deficient mice that develop colitis in response to colonisation by enteric bacteria, but not under germ-free conditions, demonstrate that bacteria are required to initiate IBD (Hoffmann et al, 2011). However, studies of IBD patients have shown that while there are significant shifts in the composition of the microbiota, there is no consistent microbial profile associated with IBD (Frank et al, 2007;Frank et al, 2011), nor in chronic IBD (Nell et al, 2010).…”

Section: Inflammatory Bowel Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Intestinal Barrier Function in Early Life in the Development of Colitis

Anderson¹,

Dalziel²,

Gopal³

et al. 2012

Colitis

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Impact of a probiotic Enterococcus faecalis in a gnotobiotic mouse model of experimental colitis

Abstract: This study shows the potential of probiotic bacteria to initiate pro-inflammatory responses in the disease-susceptible but not the normal host.

Cited by 19 publications

References 54 publications

In Vivo Assessment of Growth and Virulence Gene Expression during Commensal and Pathogenic Lifestyles of luxABCDE -Tagged Enterococcus faecalis Strains in Murine Gastrointestinal and Intravenous Infection Models

In Vivo Assessment of Growth and Virulence Gene Expression during Commensal and Pathogenic Lifestyles of luxABCDE -Tagged Enterococcus faecalis Strains in Murine Gastrointestinal and Intravenous Infection Models

Polyphosphate, an active molecule derived from probiotic Lactobacillus brevis, improves the fibrosis in murine colitis

The Role of Intestinal Barrier Function in Early Life in the Development of Colitis

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