Impact of Ag on the Limit of Detection towards NH3-Sensing in Spray-Coated WO3 Thin-Films

Anusha,; Ani, Aninamol; Poornesh, P.; Antony, Albin; Bhaghyesh,; Щетинин, И. В.; Nagaraja, K. K.; Chattopadhyay, Saikat; Vinayakumar, K. B.

doi:10.3390/s22052033

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The LOD for LPG at ∼229 ppm was within the reported range of 200–1000 ppm for the LPG MQ-6 sensor . Anusha et al reported a LOD of 500 ppb at a working temperature of 200 °C for their Ag–WO 3 films prepared by the spray pyrolysis method.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 64%

p-/n-Type Switching in the Ag/BTO/TiO₂ Nanocomposite as a Gas Sensor toward Ethanol, Liquefied Petroleum Gas, and Ammonia

Paul,

Aamir,

Aslam

et al. 2023

Langmuir

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A novel Ag/BTO/TiO 2 nanocomposite was prepared using chemical reduction and sol−gel techniques followed by sintering at ∼950 °C to grow rutile TiO 2 and remove organic materials and hydroxyl groups. The structural, optical, morphological, dielectric, and gas-sensing properties were investigated using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet−visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and inductance, capacitance, and resistance meter, respectively. The surface plasmon resonance peak of Ag was observed at 428 nm, and the absorption edge of the Ag/BTO/TiO 2 nanocomposite was observed at 235 nm, with an energy bandgap of 5.42 eV. The dielectric constant is lower at 25 °C and becomes highest at 350 °C and low frequency. The percentage response is better toward ammonia than ethanol and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) at 25 °C, while it is greater, ∼87%, for LPG at a higher temperature. The p-/n-type switching and vice versa were recorded in the whole gas-sensing measurement. During response− recovery time, the device performed as n type for ethanol and ammonia and p type for LPG, with a very fast response time of ∼4 s for all gases. The recovery time for ethanol was achieved at 20−25 s, while for LPG and ammonia, it was ∼60 s. Moreover, the negative and positive activation energies also confirm the switching behavior in the novel Ag/BTO/TiO 2 nanocomposite.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 64%

p-/n-Type Switching in the Ag/BTO/TiO₂ Nanocomposite as a Gas Sensor toward Ethanol, Liquefied Petroleum Gas, and Ammonia

Paul,

Aamir,

Aslam

et al. 2023

Langmuir

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“…25 nm. In the structures where the channel is given as a continuous oxide film, the response is lower at 100 • C by a few orders [51]. Although the estimate of the WO 3 response in the SWCNT40-WO 3 structure under study is still lower than the best response known from the literature for this material, the fabricated structure exhibits a substantially lower response time, being of ca.…”

Section: The Characterization Of Gas-sensing Performance Of the Senso...mentioning

confidence: 77%

Energy-Efficient Chemiresistive Sensor Array Based on SWCNT Networks, WO3 Nanochannels and SWCNT-Pt Heterojunctions for NH3 Detection against the Background Humidity

et al. 2022

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Recently, promising results have been achieved in improving the sensitivity to ammonia in gas sensors through the use of structures composed of heterojunctions or nanochannels. However, their sensitivity is highly dependent on the background humidity under air conditions. The sensor structures which could ensure selective ammonia detection with a low detection limit, despite interference from changing background humidity, remain highly demanded. In this work, we consider sensing units containing (i) nanochannels formed by a continuous tungsten oxide nanolayer to appear in contact between single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and a Pt sublayer and (ii) SWCNT-Pt junctions in frames of mass-scale microelectronic technologies. SWCNTs were deposited by spray-coating on a thin WO3/Pt/W sublayer formed by a photolithographic pattern to be accompanied by satellite samples with just SWCNTs for reference purposes. We elucidate the specific differences that appeared in the response of sensors based on SWCNT-Pt junctions and WO3 nanochannels relative to satellite SWCNT samples with a similar SWCNT network density. Particularly, while a similar response to NH3 vapors mixed with dry air is observed for each sensor type, the response to NH3 is reduced significantly in the presence of background humidity, of 45 rel.%, especially in the case of WO3 nanochannel structures even at room temperature. A multisensor array based on the four various sensing structures involving SWCNT-Pt junctions, WO3 nanochannels, and their satellite-only-SWCNT ones allowed us to determine a correct ammonia concentration via utilizing the linear discriminant analysis despite the presence of background air humidity. Thus, such an energy-efficient multisensor system can be used for environmental monitoring of ammonia content, health monitoring, and other applications.

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“…14 In recent years, there has been a significant focus on developing novel mixed oxides rather than traditional mixed binary oxides, such as tungstate, ferrites, cobaltates, and stannates. 25,26 Zinc tungstate (ZnWO 4 ) belongs to the metal tungstate family and exhibits significant potential in a range of applications, such as photoluminescence, microwave technologies, optical fibers, and environmental applications. 27,28 Numerous studies have demonstrated the efficiency of composite materials in gas sensing applications, implying that enhanced performance can be achieved by the synergistic interaction between different metal oxides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced gas sensing performance of sprayed ZnO–ZnWO₄ toward CO gas

Sayed,

Dilova,

Atanasova

et al. 2024

Mater. Adv.

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Impact of Ag on the Limit of Detection towards NH3-Sensing in Spray-Coated WO3 Thin-Films

Cited by 10 publications

References 37 publications

p-/n-Type Switching in the Ag/BTO/TiO₂ Nanocomposite as a Gas Sensor toward Ethanol, Liquefied Petroleum Gas, and Ammonia

p-/n-Type Switching in the Ag/BTO/TiO₂ Nanocomposite as a Gas Sensor toward Ethanol, Liquefied Petroleum Gas, and Ammonia

Energy-Efficient Chemiresistive Sensor Array Based on SWCNT Networks, WO3 Nanochannels and SWCNT-Pt Heterojunctions for NH3 Detection against the Background Humidity

Enhanced gas sensing performance of sprayed ZnO–ZnWO₄ toward CO gas

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Impact of Ag on the Limit of Detection towards NH3-Sensing in Spray-Coated WO3 Thin-Films

Cited by 10 publications

References 37 publications

p-/n-Type Switching in the Ag/BTO/TiO2 Nanocomposite as a Gas Sensor toward Ethanol, Liquefied Petroleum Gas, and Ammonia

p-/n-Type Switching in the Ag/BTO/TiO2 Nanocomposite as a Gas Sensor toward Ethanol, Liquefied Petroleum Gas, and Ammonia

Energy-Efficient Chemiresistive Sensor Array Based on SWCNT Networks, WO3 Nanochannels and SWCNT-Pt Heterojunctions for NH3 Detection against the Background Humidity

Enhanced gas sensing performance of sprayed ZnO–ZnWO4 toward CO gas

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p-/n-Type Switching in the Ag/BTO/TiO₂ Nanocomposite as a Gas Sensor toward Ethanol, Liquefied Petroleum Gas, and Ammonia

p-/n-Type Switching in the Ag/BTO/TiO₂ Nanocomposite as a Gas Sensor toward Ethanol, Liquefied Petroleum Gas, and Ammonia

Enhanced gas sensing performance of sprayed ZnO–ZnWO₄ toward CO gas