Impact of Aging and Cognitive Mechanisms on High-Speed Motor Activation Patterns: Evidence From an Orthoptera-Robot Interaction

Romano, Donato; Bloemberg, Jette; Tannous, Michael; Stefanini, Cesare

doi:10.1109/tmrb.2020.2977003

Cited by 27 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…STAC (Scaffolding Theory of Aging and Cognition) suggests that pervasive increased frontal activation with age is a marker of an adaptive brain, which engages in cognitive compensation in response to the challenges posed by declining neural structures and function [34]. One evidence from an orthoptera-robot interaction shows that cognitive decline does not occur in locusts with age [35], whereas motor impairments occur more frequently with age. This means that if the exoskeleton movement is controlled by collecting EEG signals, which has the advantages of not being easily affected by the physical condition of the wearer and reducing the time delay in man-machine coupling movement, this will be more in line with the needs of the elderly or disabled.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Hip Active Assisted Exoskeleton That Assists the Semi-Squat Lifting

et al. 2020

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(1) Background: In the case of quick picking and heavy lifting, the carrying action results in a much more active myoelectric signal in the lower back than in an upright stationary one, and there is a high risk of back muscle injury without proper handling skills and equipment. (2) Methods: To reduce the risk of LBP during manual handing tasks, a hip active exoskeleton is designed to assist human manual lifting. A power control method is introduced into the control loop in the process of assisting human transportation. The power curve imitates the semi-squat movement of the human body as the output power of the hip joint. (3) Results: According to the test, the torque can be output according to the wearer’s movement. During the semi-squat lifting process, the EMG (electromyogram) signal of the vertical spine at L5/S1 was reduced by 30–48% and the metabolic cost of energy was reduced by 18% compared the situation of without EXO. (4) Conclusion: The exoskeleton joint output torque can change in an adaptive manner according to the angular velocity of the wearer’s joint. The exoskeleton can assist the waist muscles and the hip joint in the case of the reciprocating semi-squat lifting movement.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Hip Active Assisted Exoskeleton That Assists the Semi-Squat Lifting

et al. 2020

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“…However, one may be tempted to answer “yes” to question B, thus excluding cases 2 and 3 from the interactive biorobotics category. Indeed, in the two studies, the robot replaces a zebrafish and a starling, respectively, i.e., a conspecific of the target system [while, in case study 2 and in other prey-predator studies such as Polverino et al ( 2019 ), and Romano et al ( 2020a ) the robot replaces an individual of a different species]. For this reason, one may be tempted to believe that the robot replaces the target system: the target system is the zebrafish and the starling, respectively, and the robot replaces a zebrafish and a starling, respectively.…”

Section: The Methodsological Novelty Of Interactive Bioroboticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 8 See (Martins et al, 2005 ; Fernández-Juricic et al, 2006 ; Halloy et al, 2007 ; Ord and Stamps, 2008 ; Taylor et al, 2008 ; Partan et al, 2011 ; Romano et al, 2019a , 2020a ). …”

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The Logic of Interactive Biorobotics

Datteri

2020

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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In recent studies, robots are used to stimulate living systems in controlled experimental settings. This research strategy is here called interactive biorobotics, to distinguish it from classical biorobotics, in which robots are used to simulate, rather than to stimulate, living system behavior. This article offers a methodological analysis of interactive biorobotics and has two goals. The first one is to argue that interactive biorobotics is methodologically different, in some important respects, from classical biorobotics and from countless instances of model-based science. It will be shown that interactive biorobotics does not conform to the so-called "understanding by building" approach or synthetic method, and that it illustrates a novel use of models in science. The second goal is to reflect on the logic of interactive biorobotics. A distinction will be made between two classes of studies, which will be called "proximal" and "distal." In proximal studies, experiments involving robot-animal interaction are brought to bear on theoretical hypotheses on robot-animal interaction. In distal studies, experiments involving robot-animal interaction are brought to bear on theoretical hypotheses on animal-animal interaction. Distal studies involve logical steps which may be particularly hard to justify. This distinction, together with a methodological reflection on the relationship between the context in which the experiments are carried out and the context in which the conclusions are expected to hold, will lead to a checklist of questions which may be useful to justify and evaluate the validity of interactive biorobotics studies. The reconstruction of the logic of interactive biorobotics made here, though preliminary, may contribute to justifying the important role that robots, as tool for stimulating living systems, can play in the contemporary life sciences.

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“…Jumps deviating more than 15° with respect to the plane perpendicular to the axis of the camera lens were let out in order to limit the difference between the actual and perceived takeoff angle (Baker and Cooter, 1979 ). A HotShot 512 SC high speed video camera (NAC Image Technology, Simi Valley, CA, USA), with maximum frame rate up to 200, 000 fps, was used to record the takeoff phase videos at a rate of 1000 fps (Romano et al, 2018 , 2020 ; Mo et al, 2020 ). Sequential images with a resolution of 512 × 512 pixels were stored in the camera internal memory, and then downloaded for data analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Substrates' Compliance on the Jumping Mechanism of Locusta migratoria

Romano

Miraglia

et al. 2020

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Locusts generally live and move in complex environments including different kind of substrates, ranging from compliant leaves to stiff branches. Since the contact force generates deformation of the substrate, a certain amount of energy is dissipated each time when locust jumps from a compliant substrate. In published researches, it is proven that only tree frogs are capable of recovering part of the energy that had been accumulated in the substrate as deformation energy in the initial pushing phase, just before leaving the ground. The jumping performances of adult Locusta migratoria on substrates of three different compliances demonstrate that locusts are able to adapt their jumping mode to the mechanical characteristics of the substrate. Recorded high speed videos illustrate the existence of deformed substrate's recoil before the end of the takeoff phase when locusts jump from compliant substrates, which indicates their ability of recovering part of energy from the substrate deformation. This adaptability is supposed to be related to the catapult mechanism adopted in locusts' jump thanks to their long hind legs and sticky tarsus. These findings improve the understanding of the jumping mechanism of locusts, as well as can be used to develop artifact outperforming current jumping robots in unstructured scenarios.

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Impact of Aging and Cognitive Mechanisms on High-Speed Motor Activation Patterns: Evidence From an Orthoptera-Robot Interaction

Cited by 27 publications

References 47 publications

A Hip Active Assisted Exoskeleton That Assists the Semi-Squat Lifting

A Hip Active Assisted Exoskeleton That Assists the Semi-Squat Lifting

The Logic of Interactive Biorobotics

Effect of Substrates' Compliance on the Jumping Mechanism of Locusta migratoria

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