Impact of an Agriphotovoltaic System on Metabolites and the Sensorial Quality of Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) and Its High-Temperature-Extracted Juice

Abstract

To date, the impacts of agriphotovoltaic (APV) condition on the production yield of crop have been studied; however, the effect of APV production on the sensorial quality and consumer acceptability of the produce remains unexplored. Therefore, to address this knowledge gap, we cultivated “Winter Storm” cabbage under solar panels (20.16 kW) and in open field in 2020. The weight and diameter reduction rate of fresh cabbage grown under APV condition compared to open-field conditions were 9.7% and 1.2%, respectively. The levels of glucosinolates and their hydrolysis products were not significantly different in the fresh cabbage between the two conditions. The amount of volatile organic compounds, which may affect the perception of smell, were significantly higher in the cabbage juice prepared from the ones grown in open-field conditions than in the juice prepared from cabbages grown under APV conditions (n = 3, p < 0.01). However, untrained subjects could not distinguish the difference in the quality of the 2 sets of cabbage juices in the triangle test (n = 70, p = 0.724). Regardless of the distinguishing features of color, aroma, and taste, the subjects did not have any preference between the two different cabbage juices.

The effect of additional shading utilizing agriphotovoltaic structures on the visual qualities and metabolites of broccoli

“…High irradiation, especially UV radiation, induces high content of total glucosinolate or individual glucosinolates. Individual and total glucosinolates are increased by UV-A and UV-B treatments in broccoli sprout (Moreira-Rodrıǵuez et al, 2017). In addition, broccoli grown on OF was exposed to higher temperatures compared with those grown using the APV system or with shading treatment due to infrared radiation.…”

“…For detecting changes in several metabolite content approximately, water-soluble primary metabolites (some amino acids, organic acids, and sugar) were analyzed by gas chromatography (Nexis GC-2030, Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan) with a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC/MS-QP 2020 NX, Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan). The overall process was conducted as described previously (Moon and Ku, 2022). For the first step, freezedried powder (50 mg) was extracted in methanol (1.5 ml).…”

“…Analysis of glucosinolate hydrolysis products was conducted using an identical method previously described without an incubation process (Moon and Ku, 2022). To put it briefly, freezedried broccoli powder was extracted in deionized water.…”

“…The effect of shading on broccoli physiology and associated metabolomic changes have not been intensively investigated. We previously conducted experiments to test the effects of APV systems on some metabolites and sensorial quality of cabbage (Moon and Ku, 2022). Therefore, in this study, we tested the effects of APV systems on other B. oleracea crops.…”

Effects of Environmental Changes by an Agrivoltaic System on Growth and Quality Characteristics of Kimchi Cabbage

“…Of such attempts, rice yield under the AV system in Goseong-gun, Gyeongsangnam-do was evaluated to decrease slightly to 85.9% compared to the control group (Seo, 2019). Although AV systems can increase profitability by at least 5 times compared to simple crop cultivation through efficient land use without farmland reduction, a decrease in light intensity may be directly linked to a decrease in crop yield and quality (Cossu et al, 2020;Loik et al, 2017); under existing AV systems, it was reported that the yield reduction rate reached 10 to 20% depending on the area ratio of crops and AV panels (Jung, 2020;Moon and Ku, 2022;Nagashima, 2018;Nam, 2018).…”