Impact of an Extreme Flood Event on Streambank Retreat: Cedar River, Nebraska, USA

Davé, Naisargi N.; Mittelstet, Aaron R.; Korus, Jesse T.; Waszgis, Michele M.

doi:10.1111/1752-1688.12828

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…During the ensuing flood, discharge peaked at 190.4 m 3 s -1 , a value nearly three times greater than the nexthighest discharge on record (1944-current) (Dave et al, 2020). The flood caused 2820 m 2 km -1 year -1 of streambank erosion, compared to 576 and 384 m 2 km -1 year -1 for the preflood and post-flood periods, respectively (Dave et al, 2020). Nearly 30% of all streambank erosion from 2006 to 2016 was generated by this one extreme flood event.…”

Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 84%

“…In June 2010, the dam at Ericson Lake Reservoir breached after multiple days of precipitation. During the ensuing flood, discharge peaked at 190.4 m 3 s -1 , a value nearly three times greater than the nexthighest discharge on record (1944-current) (Dave et al, 2020). The flood caused 2820 m 2 km -1 year -1 of streambank erosion, compared to 576 and 384 m 2 km -1 year -1 for the preflood and post-flood periods, respectively (Dave et al, 2020).…”

Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 96%

“…1). Dave et al (2020) found that the most erosion occurred within the first 10 km downstream of the dam. Tables 5 and 6 list the erosion and deposition for the fully functional sites (sites 2, 11, 12, 13, 14, 19, 22, and 23).…”

Section: Streambank Erosion and Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is no documentation for why the jetties at these sites failed. Nevertheless, Dave et al (2020) determined that erosion from the 2010 flood was much greater than the preflood (2006)(2007)(2008)(2009) and post-flood (2010-2016) periods. We infer that the extreme peak flow event produced by the breach in the Ericson Dam in June 2010 likely led to the loss of function in many reaches of the Cedar River.…”

Section: Functionality Of Streambank Stabilization Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Bank Stabilization Structures on Upstream and Downstream Bank Mobilization at Cedar River, Nebraska

Russell

Mittelstet²,

Joeckel

et al. 2021

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HighlightsStabilization structures are only effective at stabilized segments.Erosion increased in two of the six segments in the post-stabilization period.Deposition decreased in all six segments in the post-stabilization period.Jetties are effective at reducing erosion but are also prone to fail.Abstract. The effectiveness of streambank stabilization structures is insufficiently quantified. Although such structures clearly reduce or eliminate streambank erosion at the local scale, little is known about associated effects on unstabilized reaches immediately upstream and downstream. This study measured streambank erosion and deposition in stretches of the Cedar River, 1.5 meander wavelengths upstream and downstream from 24 stabilization structures that included jetties, rock vanes, root wads, and gravel protection. We also measured erosion and deposition on the streambanks directly opposite the stabilized locations. We compared measurements from the pre-stabilization period (1993-2005) with those from the post-stabilization period (2005-2018) using historical imagery in ArcGIS. Upon completion of this analysis, we were able to reject an initial hypothesis that local and adjacent streambank segment erosion rates would be significantly less after stabilization, and that deposition rates would be greater in stabilized locations and adjacent stream segments. Instead, the differences in erosion from pre- to post-stabilization showed little or no statistical significance. Rather, our data indicated that streambank erosion decreased in only four of the six stream segments and was predominantly confined to the stabilized segment. Overall deposition decreased in all six stream segments after bank stabilization. In reaches where wooden jetties were installed, partial or total failure was common, and further increases in erosion and decreases in deposition were more pronounced. We conclude that streambank stabilization on the Cedar River is effective only at the location of installation; there is no measurable effect on adjacent unstabilized reaches. Our results demonstrate the need for improved streambank monitoring practices and better understanding of how streambank stabilization impacts an entire river system. Such advances will enhance stream restoration design and implementation, as well as support future river management efforts. Keywords: Adjacent stream reach, Deposition, Jetty, Erosion, Streambank stabilization.

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Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Streambank Erosion and Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Functionality Of Streambank Stabilization Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Bank Stabilization Structures on Upstream and Downstream Bank Mobilization at Cedar River, Nebraska

Russell

Mittelstet²,

Joeckel

et al. 2021

Transactions of the ASABE

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“…. However, flood events can contribute to rapid geological erosion, which can be further be compounded by human modification of the landscape (Dave and Mittelstet, 2020). Erosion reduces the productivity of agricultural lands due to soil and nutrient loss.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of an Ultrasonic Sensor to Monitor Soil Erosion and Deposition

Knox¹,

Mittelstet²

2021

Transactions of the ASABE

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HighlightsA sediment monitoring system was developed to measure erosion and deposition.The system uses an ultrasonic sensor to take high-frequency measurements.Tests in controlled lab settings showed high accuracy.The system measured 43.5 cm of deposition from two storm events.Abstract. Monitoring erosion at high temporal resolution can provide researchers and managers the data necessary to manage erosion. Current erosion monitoring methods tend to be invasive to the area of interest, record low-frequency measurements, have a narrow spatial range of measurement, or are expensive. There is a need for an affordable system capable of monitoring erosion and deposition non-invasively at high temporal resolution. The objectives of this research were to (1) design and construct a non-invasive sediment monitoring system (SMS) using an ultrasonic sensor capable of monitoring erosion and deposition continuously, (2) test the system in the lab and field, and (3) determine the applications and limitations of the system. The SMS was tested in the lab to determine the extent to which the soil type, slope, surface topography, change in distance, and vegetation impacted the measurements of the ultrasonic sensor. Soil type, slope, and surface topography had little effect on the measurement, but distance and the introduction of vegetation impacted the measurement. In the field during high flows, as erosion and deposition occurred, the changes in distance were determined in near real-time, allowing calculation of erosion and deposition quantities. The SMS was deployed to monitor deposition on sandy streambanks in the Nebraska Sandhills and erosion on a streambank and field plot in Lincoln, Nebraska. The SMS proved successful in measuring sediment change during high-flow events but yielded some error: ±1.06 mm in controlled lab settings and ±10.79 mm when subjected to environmental factors such as temperature, relative humidity, and wind. Keywords: Deposition, Erosion, Monitoring, Ultrasonic sensor.

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Multiscale characterization of splays produced by a historic, rain‐on‐snow flood on a large braided stream (Platte River, Central USA)

Korus,

Joeckel,

Mittelstet

et al. 2024

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Splays—fan‐shaped depositional landforms produced by overbank deposition by unconfined flows—can damage structures, degrade arable land and incur substantial mitigation costs. Splay‐related hazards along many rivers are likely to worsen with the increasing magnitude and frequency of major floods. The highly incomplete understanding of splays on braided streams is a conspicuous knowledge gap in a changing world with more frequent and intense floods. The largest recorded flood on the braided, sand‐dominated lower Platte River (eastern Nebraska, USA) in March 2019 resulted from the rapid melting of a deep, moist snowpack during an extreme rain‐on‐snow, bomb‐cyclone event. This flood produced 32 large (as much as 234 ha) splays that buried structures and cropland under sand. A total of 1,438 ha of row crop was buried, equating to 1.2 million dollars in lost revenue. These splays diverged from the channel by 14° to 104° along a 122 km reach. The topography of preexisting abandoned channels strongly controlled the shape and orientation of most splays, although forested areas tended to trap or divert sediment. The flood eroded 2.2 to 202 m2 m−1 of the streambank at 11 of the splays. The five largest splays (>100 ha) deposited as much as 2.4 m of sand. Ground‐penetrating radar profiles of the largest splay indicate that it consisted almost entirely of overbank deposits exhibiting simple downstream accretion that buried the pre‐flood soil under ≤ 1 m or less of sand. Locally, however, this soil was eroded during the flood. Climate models predict increasing winter precipitation in the Platte River basin; therefore, the frequency of major floods should increase, making splays recurrent hazards. Our geomorphic assessment of the splays on the lower Platte River illustrates the need for future hazard and mitigation planning.

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Impact of an Extreme Flood Event on Streambank Retreat: Cedar River, Nebraska, USA

Cited by 6 publications

References 45 publications

Impact of Bank Stabilization Structures on Upstream and Downstream Bank Mobilization at Cedar River, Nebraska

Impact of Bank Stabilization Structures on Upstream and Downstream Bank Mobilization at Cedar River, Nebraska

Application of an Ultrasonic Sensor to Monitor Soil Erosion and Deposition

Multiscale characterization of splays produced by a historic, rain‐on‐snow flood on a large braided stream (Platte River, Central USA)

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