“…Anodizing can produce a self-organizing and homogeneous morphology of porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) with peculiar characteristics, such as a large surface to volume ratio, a dielectric constant, good adhesion, mechanical strength, thermal stability, and corrosion resistance (Kao & Chang, 2014;Lee et al, 2013;Keshavarz et al, 2013). Porous AAO has been applied as nano-templates and resistance films for magnetic and photonic devices (Nguyen et al, 2017;Chung et al, 2017) , biosensors (Wu et al, 2015), biotechnology (Kang et al, 2007;Ingham et al, 2012), or surface-enhanced Raman scattering (Hao et al, 2012).…”