Impact of Arbuscular Mycorrhizas on Sustainable Agriculture and Natural Ecosystems

Gianinazzi, Silvio; Schüepp, H.

doi:10.1007/978-3-0348-8504-1

Cited by 90 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 370 publications

(449 reference statements)

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“…PLFA analysis also allows for quantification of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). AMF are symbionts of the fine roots of about 80 % of all plant species (Gianinazzi and Schüepp, 1994), accounting for 5-50 % of the biomass of soil microbes in agricultural soil (Olsson et al, 1999). They favour plant growth by improving root nutrition capacity and tolerance to pathogens, drought and heavy metals (Muchovej, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vineyard management system affects soil microbiological properties

et al. 2020

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Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of integrated (INT), organic (ORG) and biodynamic (BD) management systems with similar C- and N-inputs on soil microbiology in a viticultural long-term field trial.Methods and results: Within the systems comparison, soil samples were taken 10 years after conversion, throughout the growing season. To gather information about microbial community structure, the activity of five soil enzymes was measured, and phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA) and neutral lipids fatty acids (NLFA) profiles were analysed accompanied by comprehensive soil analysis. pH associated with BD was significantly higher compared to INT soil. Copper and N-min values in INT were significantly lower compared to the organic systems. BD and ORG were characterised by a higher b-D-glucosidase and urease activity and a higher abundance of fungi and bacteria. INT had larger quantities of mycorrhizae indicator NLFAs.Significance and impact: Results from this study contribute to a better understanding of the microbial community structure and nutrient cycling under organic and biodynamic viticulture.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vineyard management system affects soil microbiological properties

et al. 2020

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“…Mycorrhizal association between beneficial soil fungi and plant roots are ubiquitous in terrestrial plant communities (1). The colonization of crop plants by arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi can improve their nutrients uptake predominantly phosphorus and are linked with crop yields (2,3). Based on the occurrence of AM fungal structures within plant roots, AM morphology has been classified as Arum, Paris or intermediate-types (4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arbuscular mycorrhiza and dark septate endophyte fungal associations of Oryza sativa L. under field condition: colonization features and their occurrence

et al. 2019

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The present study was aimed to study monthly colonization of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) and dark septate endophyte (DSE) fungal associations in rice. The presence of mycorrhizal structures in the roots confirms the colonization by AM fungi. The pattern of hyphae and arbuscules denotes Arum type of AM fungal morphology. The presence of dark coloured septate hyphae running frequently on the epidermal layer and in root cortex and the occurrence of microsclerotia marks the colonization by DSE fungi. The co-occurrence of both AM and DSE fungi ensure dual colonization by two distinct fungal groups. There was significant increase in arbuscules, vesicles and hyphal percentages from first to third month in both the samples collected from two sites. In the third month, AM colonization significantly higher in both the sites. DSE colonization percentages do not differ significantly in first to third month. A total of nine AM fungal species were recovered from two sites. This study is an effort to make aware the local farmers about the usefulness of these native AM mycobiota which can be a preferable choice over chemical fertilizers leading to ecofriendly organic farming.

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Can symbiotic fungi protect plants from insect pests? A simple mathematical model

Atlıhan

Britton

Demir

et al. 2020

Comp and Math Methods

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A mathematical model is proposed for simulating and understanding the relationship between the potato plant and its most significant pest, the Colorado potato beetle, when mediated by mycorrhiza, a symbiotic plant-fungus association. From its analysis it is seen that, quite counterintuitively, an overabundant use of mycorrhiza for enhancing productivity is rather detrimental, in that it triggers persistent oscillations in the foliage and the population of the beetle, giving an instance of the paradox of enrichment. Some indications for biological pest control arise from the investigation of the bifurcations that occur in the model ecosystem. K E Y W O R D Sbifurcations, Colorado potato beetle, dynamical systems, mycorrhiza INTRODUCTIONThe Colorado potato beetle (CPB) originated from the south-west of North America, where it fed on plants of the genus Solanum in the family Solanaceae. It has now spread through most of North America, Europe, and Asia (especially Russia and China), feeding on the potato, Solanum tuberosum. The potato plant is native to the central Andes in South America, but is now an important and widely cultivated food crop. CPB is one of its most destructive and devastating insect pests. Chemical control has proven not to provide a long-term solution to the problems created by CPB, as the beetle has become resistant to a wide variety of chemicals. Biological control may represent a viable alternative. In this context, the use of mycorrhiza, a symbiotic association between the root of the plant and a fungus, has been advocated, as it shows interesting features. Mycorrhiza is indeed known to affect mineral composition of plants. 1 Mycorrhiza symbiosis influences several aspects of plant physiology: mineral nutrition uptake, plant growth, and plant resistance. 2-4 Among these we mention Ezio Venturino is a member of the INdAM research group GNCS.

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Impact of Arbuscular Mycorrhizas on Sustainable Agriculture and Natural Ecosystems

Cited by 90 publications

References 370 publications

Vineyard management system affects soil microbiological properties

Vineyard management system affects soil microbiological properties

Arbuscular mycorrhiza and dark septate endophyte fungal associations of Oryza sativa L. under field condition: colonization features and their occurrence

Can symbiotic fungi protect plants from insect pests? A simple mathematical model

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