Impact of Bariatric Surgery on Metabolic and Gut Microbiota Profile: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Magouliotis, Dimitrios; Tasiopoulou, Vasiliki S.; Sioka, Eleni; Chatedaki, Christina; Zacharoulis, Dimitrios

doi:10.1007/s11695-017-2595-8

Cited by 130 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Preliminary work in humans supports that those with T2D have a reduced abundance of Bacteroidetes and a higher abundance of Firmicutes (45), and one experimental study showed that transfer of gut microbiota from individuals who were lean to those with metabolic syndrome, improved gut microbiome diversity and insulin sensitivity among the recipients (46). Further, a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis recently documented that gastric bypass surgery, which contributes to weight loss and a reduced risk of T2D, also leads to changes in gut microbiota composition, particularly enrichment of Bacteroidetes (47). …”

Section: Overview Of Homeostatic Brain-body Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shared Dysregulation of Homeostatic Brain-Body Pathways in Depression and Type 2 Diabetes

2017

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Purpose of review To provide an overview of shared dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) and brain-gut-microbiome (BGM) axes associated with depression and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Clinical implications and future research are also discussed. Recent findings Both depression and T2D are associated with dysregulation of the HPA and BGM axes. These pathways regulate immune function, glucose metabolism, and sleep, and are altered in both illnesses. Dysregulation of homeostatic brain-body pathways may be positively influenced though different therapeutic actions, including psychotherapy, healthy eating, physical activity, sleep promotion, and certain anti-inflammatory or antidepressant medications. Summary While the causal nature of the relationship between depression and T2D remains unclear, these conditions share dysregulation of homeostatic brain-body pathways that are central to mental and physical health. Better understanding of this dysregulation may provide opportunities for interventions that could benefit both conditions. Future research should examine the additive burden of depression and T2D on HPA and BGM dysregulation, and differentiate depression from emotional distress.

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Section: Overview Of Homeostatic Brain-body Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shared Dysregulation of Homeostatic Brain-Body Pathways in Depression and Type 2 Diabetes

2017

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“…Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery results in significant and long‐term weight loss with significant reduction of incidence and remission of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia . According to a meta‐analysis by Magouliotis et al, glucose, insulin, triglycerides, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL), and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR) were significantly lowered, indicating improvement in metabolic health following bariatric surgery …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 According to a meta-analysis by Magouliotis et al, glucose, insulin, triglycerides, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL), and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were significantly lowered, indicating improvement in metabolic health following bariatric surgery. 2 Metabolites are small molecules that are substrates, intermediates, or products of biological processes. 3 "Metabolomics" refers to comprehensive profiling of metabolites present in cells, tissues, or whole organisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass surgery alters serum metabolites and fatty acids in patients with morbid obesity

Wijayatunga

Sams

Dawson

et al. 2018

Diabetes Metabolism Res

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AimBariatric surgery induces significant weight loss, increases insulin sensitivity, and reduces mortality, but the underlying mechanisms are not clear. It was hypothesized that Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery improves metabolic profile along with weight loss. The objective of this pilot study was to evaluate changes in serum metabolites and fatty acids (FA) at 2 weeks and 6 months after RYGB.Materials and MethodsSerum samples were collected pre‐surgery, at 2 weeks and 6 months post‐surgery from 20 patients undergoing RYGB surgery. Serum non‐esterified free FA (NEFA) were measured. Serum metabolites and FA were measured using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and improved direct fatty acid methyl ester synthesis and the gas chromatography/mass spectrometry method, respectively, in subjects who completed follow‐up at 6 months (n = 8).ResultsMean (standard deviation) percent total weight loss was 6.70% (1.7) and 24.91% (6.63) at 2 weeks (n = 15) and 6 months (n = 8) post‐surgery, respectively. NEFA were significantly reduced at 6 months post‐surgery (P = 0.001, n = 8). Serum branched chain amino acids, 2‐aminobutyrate, butyrate, 2‐hydroxybutyrate, 3‐hydroxybutyrate, acetone, 2‐methylglutarate, and 2‐oxoisocaproate were significantly reduced, while serum alanine, glycine, pyruvate, and taurine were significantly elevated at 6 months post‐surgery compared with pre‐surgery (n = 8, P < 0.05). Also, serum FA C10:0, C13:0, C14:0, C15:0, and C18:0 increased significantly (n = 8, P < 0.05) by 6 months post‐surgery.ConclusionsChanges in serum metabolites and FA at 6 months post‐RYGB surgery in this pilot study with limited number of participants are suggestive of metabolic improvement; larger studies are warranted for confirmation.

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“…The immediate caloric decrease after bariatric surgery is caused by a substantial reduction in hunger and an increase in satiation (10). The role of anatomical restrictions of the ventricle and nonmechanical factors, such as gut hormones, bile acids, and gut microbiota, remain under investigation (11)(12)(13). However, little is known about the associations between changes in total energy intake and energy-contributing nutrients (i.e., the macronutrients carbohydrates, fat, and protein) and the long-term weight change in patients who have undergone bariatric surgery (14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in total energy intake and macronutrient composition after bariatric surgery predict long-term weight outcome: findings from the Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study

Kanerva

Larsson

Peltonen

et al. 2017

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

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Background: Approximately 20-30% of obese patients do not achieve successful weight outcomes after bariatric surgery. Objective: We examined whether short-term changes (#0.5 y postsurgery) in energy intake and macronutrient composition after bariatric surgery could predict 10-y weight change. Design: Participants were recruited from the Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study, which was a matched (nonrandomized) prospective trial that compared bariatric surgery with usual care for obese patients. A total of 2010 patients who underwent bariatric surgery were included in the study. Physical examinations (e.g., weight) and questionnaires (e.g., dietary questionnaire) were completed before and 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, and 10 y after surgery. For the main analytic strategy, a linear mixed model was implemented, which included repeated measures with a random intercept and an unstructured covariance matrix. Results: Short-term changes in energy intake (P , 0.001) and in relative proportions of energy from carbohydrates (P , 0.001), fat (P , 0.001), and protein (P , 0.05) were associated with 10-y weight change after bariatric surgery. At the 10-y follow-up, men and women with the largest reductions in energy intake had lost 7.3% and 3.9% more weight, respectively, compared with that of subjects with the smallest intake reductions (P , 0.001). Greater weight loss was achieved in men and women who favored protein and carbohydrates over fat and in subjects who favored protein over carbohydrates than in individuals who favored the opposite changes in macronutrient composition (P , 0.05). Conclusions: The level of energy restriction that is achieved at 0.5 y after bariatric surgery predicts long-term weight loss. Weight loss is also associated with a changing dietary macronutrient composition. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01479452.Am J Clin Nutr 2017;106:136-45.

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Impact of Bariatric Surgery on Metabolic and Gut Microbiota Profile: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Cited by 130 publications

References 48 publications

Shared Dysregulation of Homeostatic Brain-Body Pathways in Depression and Type 2 Diabetes

Shared Dysregulation of Homeostatic Brain-Body Pathways in Depression and Type 2 Diabetes

Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass surgery alters serum metabolites and fatty acids in patients with morbid obesity

Changes in total energy intake and macronutrient composition after bariatric surgery predict long-term weight outcome: findings from the Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study

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