Impact of brewer's yeast extract and levamisole in diets with vegetable oils on the growth, chemical composition, and immunological and biochemical blood parameters of pikeperch (Sander lucioperca)

Abstract

The impact of applying NuPro® (40 g/kg feed) and levamisole (300 mg/kg feed) in European pikeperch (Sander lucioperca) diets with vegetable oils on growth, immunological, hematological, and blood chemical parameters was assayed. The fish were fed the feed containing sunflower and linseed oils (48 and 21 g/kg feed) (group VO) or this feed with levamisole (group VOL) or NuPro ® (group VON). The fourth group was fed the feed with fish oil added in the amount of 69 g/kg feed (group FO). The pikeperch were reared for 56 days. Feeding the fish feed supplemented with levamisole or NuPro ® increased the immunological responses of the phagocytes and lymphocytes, lysozyme activity, and total gamma-globulin levels. The feed supplemented with NuPro ® resulted in decreased aspartate and alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase activity. Vegetable oils in the feed were linked to increased contents of linoleic acid in fish bodies. The quantity of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids was significantly the highest in group FO. The immunological index obtained in group VON indicated that the diet supplemented with brewer's yeast extract (NuPro ® ) was the most advantageous when feeding juvenile pikeperch feeds with vegetable oils.

Fishmeal, plant protein, and fish oil substitution with single-cell ingredients in organic feeds for European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

“…However, this result was in agreement with complement activity measured in striped bass and gilthead seabream ( Ortuno et al, 2002 ; Li and Gatlin, 2005 ). The ceruloplasmin remained unchanged as already shown in pikeperch ( Kowalska et al, 2015 ).…”

“…Dietary doses of yeast ranging from 1%-8% increased the leukocyte counts (lymphocytes, monocytes, and neutrophils) in pirarucu, Arapaina gigas (Hoshino et al, 2020) but did not significantly stimulate the phagocytosis or lysozyme activity of Nile tilapia (Berto et al, 2016). On the contrary, a dietary dose of 4% yeast significantly increased the lysozyme activity of pikeperch (Sander lucioperca) together with cellular immunity parameters such as respiratory burst activity, phagocytposis, and proliferation) while ceruloplasmin activity was unchanged (Kowalska et al, 2015). Finally, a dietary dose of 4%-8% yeast protein had a stimulating effect on the blood respiratory burst activity and on the liver morphology, reducing steatosis and fat degeneration observed in European labrax (D. labrax) while no effect was observed on the gut histology (Panagiotidou et al, 2016).…”

The Utilization of Algae with the Aim to Increase the Fatty Acid Content in Muscle of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)

“…The contents of fatty acids is strongly affected by the pattern of lipids in their food, in all fish species. The oil content, especially the n-3 unsaturated fatty acids, results in the high dietetic value of fish muscles (Steffens, 1997;Kminkova et al, 2001;Kowalska et al, 2015).…”

Levamisole Enhances Growth, Haemato-biochemical Indicators, Resistance to Aeromonas veronii and Expression of Immune Genes in Asian Seabass, Lates calcarifer

“…In comparison with the control group, the LVT3 fish group showed increased levels of hemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), erythrocyte count, mean corpuscular (Kajita et al, 1990). According to Kowalska et al (2015) andW ijendra et al (2007), the addition of levamisole to the diet of pikeperch (Sander lucioperca) and Labeo rohita respectively, resulted in a significant increase in hematological indices such as hemoglobin, red blood cell (RBC) and white blood cell (W BC) counts.…”