Impact of certain additives to diet on the biological and biochemical characteristics of peach fruit fly, Bactrocera zonata

Abstract

To improve the mass rearing of Peach Fruit Fly, Bactrocera zonata different concentrations of Cacao, Curcuma and Selenium were added to the larval diet. The effects of these additives on the biological characteristics were evaluated. The pupal weight, adult emergence, sex ratio, adult survival, pupal production and adult flight ability were studied to evaluate the mass rearing quantity and quality. In addition, the elements compositions of adult stage were carried out as a monitor for B. zonata vitality. The results indicated that the concentrations of 1.0 gm/ kg Cacao, 1.5 gm/kg Curcuma and (0.01 and 0.02 gm/kg) of Selenium were the most pronounced promising concentration to the insect fitness as compared to the other concentrations. In these concentrations, the pupal productions, pupal weights and flight ability of adult flies were clearly higher than the control treatments. Also, the major and trace elements P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Fe, Cu, Mg and Zn of male and female flies previously fed as larvae on selected concentrations of additives were analysed. Addition of 1.5 gm of Curcuma and 1.0 of Cacao increased the Cl of both male and female flies, while addition to both 0.01 and 0.02 gm/kg of Selenium increased the P and Mg contents of the both sexes. Also, some values of tested elements are varied by the different additives; these differences could play an important role in the insect vitality and sex maturation.

Effects of diet and temperature on monarch butterfly wing morphology and flight ability

“…Food quality, or the quantity and composition of nutrients available to feeding organisms, is especially important during consumer development. Larval diet quantity and quality affect adult flight ability (Reim et al 2019) and morphology (Zahran et al 2018) in several insects, though the mechanisms driving these relationships are not well understood. The availability and composition of larval diet food sources influences morphological traits that can impact flight performance such as adult body size (Portman et al 2015;Reim et al 2019), as well as wing size and shape (Cendra et al 2014;Johnson et al 2014;Stoks 2001;Reim et al 2019;Yama et al 2019).…”

Dietas Artificiais para a Criação de Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann 1824) (Diptera: Tephritidae)

“…However, as seen here, this plasticity was not verified in some biological characteristics, such as the lifespan and fecundity of adults from diets derived from raw and cooked yam. Under laboratory conditions, the biology of the insect is strictly linked to its feeding, assimilation, and absorption of nutrients (Zahran et al, 2018;Moadeli et al, 2020).…”

“…Artificial diets, besides proteins and carbohydrates, have many other components, some of which, even if present in small amounts, are essential for the development of Diptera (Sentinella et al 2013). Pumpkin, for example, is well known as an important source of carotenoids, vitamins, and minerals (Junqueira et al, 2017), as are sweet potatoes and carrots (Daron et al, 2020), constituents that can significantly enhance larval and adult development of fruit flies (Zahran et al, 2018).…”

Larval diet impacts flight performance in monarch butterflies

“…In flying insects, the environmental conditions experienced early in life are particularly important because their development is dictated by food availability, nutrition quality, and temperature fluctuations (Damos & Savopoulou‐Soultani, 2012; Scriber, 1981). Prior studies show that poor nutrition during larval stages is detrimental for flight ability and wing morphology in butterflies, fruit flies, and moths (Portman et al, 2015; Reim et al, 2019; Yama et al, 2019; Zahran et al, 2018). Larval diet can therefore have long‐lasting effects on insect dispersal.…”