Impact of chemerin, lipid profile, and insulin resistance on disease parameters in patients with multiple sclerosis

Köşkderelioğlu, Aslı; Gedizlioğlu, Muhteşem; Eşkut, Neslihan; Tamer, Pınar; Yalçın, Güler; Bozkaya, Giray

doi:10.1007/s10072-020-04847-y

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Collectively, these findings suggest chemerin is a pro-inflammatory adipokine, possibly contributing to inflammation in obese MS subjects. Increased levels of chemerin have been associated with obesity and excess weight in patients with MS compared to non-obese MS patients and healthy controls, particularly females ( 112 , 113 ). Conversely, more recent studies have shown that although obese MS patients also present insulin resistance, chemerin levels are not influenced by BMI, nor are chemerin levels related to disease progression, or cognitive dysfunction ( 114 ).…”

Section: Pro-inflammatory Adipokinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple sclerosis and obesity: The role of adipokines

Correale

Marrodán²

2022

Front. Immunol.

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Multiple Sclerosis (MS), a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system that leads to demyelination and neurodegeneration has been associated with various environmental and lifestyle factors. Population-based studies have provided evidence showing the prevalence of MS is increasing worldwide. Because a similar trend has been observed for obesity and metabolic syndrome, interest has grown in possible underlying biological mechanisms shared by both conditions. Adipokines, a family of soluble factors produced by adipose tissue that participate in a wide range of biological functions, contribute to a low state of chronic inflammation observed in obesity, and influence immune function, metabolism, and nutritional state. In this review, we aim to describe epidemiological and biological factors common to MS and obesity, as well as provide an update on current knowledge of how different pro- and anti-inflammatory adipokines participate as immune response mediators in MS, as well as in the animal model for MS, namely, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) leading to demyelination, and neurodegeneration. Although its pathogenesis is not yet fully understood, there is considerable evidence to suggest MS arises from complex interactions between individual genetic susceptibility and external environmental factors. In recent decades, population-based studies have provided evidence indicating the prevalence of MS is increasing worldwide, in parallel with the rise in obesity and metabolic syndrome. This synchronous increment in the incidence of both MS and obesity has led to a search for potential biological mechanisms linking both conditions. Notably, a large number of studies have established significant correlation between obesity and higher prevalence, or worse prognosis, of several immune-mediated conditions. Fat tissue has been found to produce a variety of soluble factors named adipokines. These mediators, secreted by both adipocytes as well as diverse immune cells, participate in a wide range of biological functions, further strengthening the concept of a link between immune function, metabolism, and nutritional state. Because obesity causes overproduction of pro-inflammatory adipokines (namely leptin, resistin and visfatin) and reduction of anti-inflammatory adipokines (adiponectin and apelin), adipose tissue dysregulation would appear to contribute to a state of chronic, low-grade inflammation favoring the development of disease. In this review, we present a summary of current knowledge related to the pathological effects of different adipokines, prevalent in obese MS patients.

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Section: Pro-inflammatory Adipokinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple sclerosis and obesity: The role of adipokines

Correale

Marrodán²

2022

Front. Immunol.

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“…Chemerin is expressed in the CNS in vascular endothelial cells and in white matter lesions in MS. Elevated plasma levels have been reported in obese or overweight patients with MS compared to normal-weight patients with MS (Tomalka-Kochanowska et al, 2014) [ 57 ]. Newer studies have not replicated the same results, so this correlation remains to be deepened (Koskderelioglu et al, 2020) [ 58 ]. As a pathophysiological influence, chemerin is thought to stimulate cell infiltration into the CNS, favoring a more severe form of the disease, but studies are only just in the beginning phase.…”

Section: Common Pathophysiological Elements For Obesity and Multiple Sclerosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and Multiple Sclerosis—A Multifaceted Association

Schreiner

Genes

2021

JCM

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Background: Given the common elements in the pathophysiological theories that try to explain the appearance and evolution of obesity and multiple sclerosis, the association between the two pathologies has become an increasingly researched topic in recent years. On the one hand, there is the chronic demyelinating inflammation caused by the autoimmune cascade of multiple sclerosis, while on the other hand, according to the latest research, it has been shown that obesity shares an inflammatory component with most chronic diseases. Methods: The authors performed independent research of the available literature in the most important electronic databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, and Science Direct) in February 2021. After applying the exclusion criteria, the reviewers focused on the most relevant articles published during the last 10 years with respect to epidemiology and pathophysiology. Results: The data presented are a step forward in trying to elucidate the intricate relationship between obesity and MS, especially the causal relationship between childhood and adolescent obesity and MS, focusing on the epidemiological associations observed in the most relevant observational studies conducted in recent years. In the second part, the authors comment on the latest findings related to the pathophysiological mechanisms that may explain the correlations between obesity and multiple sclerosis, focusing also on the role of adipokines. Conclusions: Based on available epidemiological data, obesity in early life appears to be strongly associated with a higher risk of MS development, independent of other risk factors. Although much research has been done on the pathophysiology of obesity, MS, their possible common mechanism, and the role of adipokines, further studies are needed in order to explain what remains unknown. No relevant data were found regarding the association between obesity, disability (high EDSS score), and mortality risk in MS patients. Thus, we consider that this topic should be elucidated in future research.

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“…These physiological changes are believed to contribute to elevated blood pressure and insulin resistance [ 19 , 20 ]. Several articles highlight that insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome are more prevalent among MS patients [ 38 ], and this may be caused by the activation of microglia and elevated proinflammatory cytokines, which are known to be elevated in people with MS [ 18 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary acid load as well as dietary phytochemical index, and association with multiple sclerosis: results from a case–control study

Hatami,

Ahmadi-Khorram,

Keykhaei

et al. 2024

BMC Nutr

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Introduction Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by central nervous system (CNS) lesions. Although the etiology and pathogenesis of MS remains unclear, nutrition is among the environmental factors that may be involved in developing MS. Currently, no specific diet has been associated with MS. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the dietary phytochemical index (DPI), dietary acid load (DAL), and the risk of developing MS. Methods This case‒control study was conducted on 174 patients with MS and 171 healthy individuals in Mashhad, Iran. Data were collected using a 160-item semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The study investigated the association between DPI, DAL, and MS, considering anthropometric measures, dietary intake, smoking habits, and sex. DPI, potential renal acid load (PRAL), and net endogenous acid production (NEAP), as indicators of DAL, were calculated based on the FFQ. Results The study analyzed 345 participants, comprising 174 (50.4%) MS patients and 171 (49.6%) healthy individuals. The mean age of the participants was 32.45 ± 8.66 years. The DPI score was significantly lower among MS patients, while the NEAP and PRAL scores were significantly higher among MS patients compared to the healthy group. There was no relationship between NEAP (OR 1.001; 95% CI 0.959–1.044; P = 0.974) and PRAL (OR 1.019; 95% CI 0.979–1.061; P = 0.356) and MS incidence. Conclusions The study found higher smoking and obesity rates in MS patients, with a reduced DPI score and increased DAL. Further studies are needed before recommending plant-based foods and dietary acid–base balance evaluation as therapeutic approach. Graphical Abstract

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Impact of chemerin, lipid profile, and insulin resistance on disease parameters in patients with multiple sclerosis

Cited by 7 publications

References 26 publications

Multiple sclerosis and obesity: The role of adipokines

Multiple sclerosis and obesity: The role of adipokines

Obesity and Multiple Sclerosis—A Multifaceted Association

Dietary acid load as well as dietary phytochemical index, and association with multiple sclerosis: results from a case–control study

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