Impact of early dolomitization on multi-scale petrophysical heterogeneities and fracture intensity of low-porosity platform carbonates (Albian-Cenomanian, southern Apennines, Italy)

Giorgioni, Maurizio; Iannace, Alessandro; D’Amore, Matteo; Dati, Francesco; Galluccio, Laura; Guerriero, Vincenzo; Mazzoli, Stefano; Parente, Mariano; Strauss, Christoph; Vitale, Stefano

doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2016.03.011

Cited by 29 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…The former is characterized by smaller crystal size (10-50 m) and low porosity grade; the latter shows a larger crystal size (70-130 m) and variable porosity grade [32,44]. These processes can intensely modify the porosity, forming dolostone levels more porous with respect to the precursor limestone.…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A basic "GeoCellular Volume" represents the six beds analysed (Figure 5), to which some geological intrinsic parameters have been assigned to characterize them, such as lithology, porosity (%) (from [32]), average density (g/cm 3 ), Young modulus (MPa), and Poisson ratio [52].…”

Section: Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Faito. Previous studies focused on these carbonates because of their analogies (in terms of age, lithology, facies, texture, and mechanical layers thickness) with the Val D' Agri and Tempa Rossa reservoir units of the Basilicata region [14,15,[27][28][29][30][31][32]. These oil reservoirs are trapped within the buried Apulian Platform carbonates by broad antiform folds deriving from thick-skinned inversion [33][34][35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multiscale Fracture Analysis in a Reservoir-Scale Carbonate Platform Exposure (Sorrento Peninsula, Italy): Implications for Fluid Flow

et al. 2018

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We derive the discrete fracture network (DFN) of a Lower Cretaceous carbonate platform succession exposed at Mt. Faito (Southern Apennines), which represents a good outcrop analogue of the coeval productive units of the buried Apulian Platform in the Basilicata oilfields. A stochastic distribution of joints has been derived by sampling at two different scales of observation. At the outcrop scale, we measured fracture attributes by means of scan lines. At a larger scale, we extracted fracture attributes from a 3D model. This multiscale survey showed the occurrence of an arresting bed for through-going fractures, which is characterized by a low relative permeability, determining a vertical compartmentalization. The DFN model, obtained by integrating fieldwork and numerical modelling by means of the 3D-Move5 software, shows a well-defined relationship of permeability and fracture porosity with the relative connectivity of the fracture network. The latter is influenced by the length and aperture and to a lesser extent by the fracture intensity. The permeability distribution obtained for our outcrop analogue can be used to inform modelling of the Basilicata oilfield reservoirs, although the different burial history between the exposed Apennine Platform and the buried Apulian Platform must be taken into account.

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Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multiscale Fracture Analysis in a Reservoir-Scale Carbonate Platform Exposure (Sorrento Peninsula, Italy): Implications for Fluid Flow

et al. 2018

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“…Furthermore, diagenetic reactions and other processes can cause rock mechanical properties to change over time, such that those layers currently most susceptible to fracture may not have always been so [Shackleton et al, 2005;Ortega et al, 2010;Lavenu et al, 2013;Giorgioni et al, 2016]. The variety of observed fracture-stratigraphic patterns motivated the concept of fracture stratigraphy [Laubach et al, 2009], being a descriptive approach to the problem, in contrast to the approach of mechanical stratigraphy, which emphasizes the mechanical properties of layers for fracture prediction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional‐scale development of opening‐mode calcite veins due to silica diagenesis

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Huggett

Cartwright

et al. 2017

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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The formation and distribution of natural fractures in Cretaceous‐Paleogene strata in Jordan are strongly tied to diagenetic processes, which in turn reflect the lithology of the host material. Observations collected from subsurface cores show that widespread fracturing began before compaction of the host sediment was complete, based on ptygmatic folding of one set of mineral‐filled fractures (veins). Nonfolded veins are preferentially developed within heavily cemented layers. Calcium carbonate is the greatest volumetric component of the host sediment, and most fractures are at least partially filled by calcite. Dolomite‐bearing and silica‐bearing fractures are present in dolomitized and silicified host beds, respectively. Horizontal veins are filled by cone‐in‐cone calcite or, rarely, silica or dolomite. The stratigraphic arrangement and degree of compaction around ptygmatically folded calcite veins and chert nodules suggest that silica diagenesis was an important driver of early fractures. Nevertheless, those fractures were filled with carbonate cements as they opened, based on crack‐seal texture of the vein fill. The volume loss associated with silica diagenesis created fracture porosity, which was filled coevally by carbonate cements. The distribution of later veins reflects embrittlement of host layers by cementation and is consistent with crustal deformation as the primary fracture driver.

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“…There is often a volumetric reduction of the mineral mass due to calcite to dolomite conversion, such that dolomitization can strongly impact the petrophysical properties (porosity and permeability) of carbonate rocks, commonly improving them, changing the fabric, rearranging the pore network and modifying the fracture network of the former limestones (e.g. Amthor & Friedman, 1991;Rustichelli et al, 2015a;Giorgioni et al, 2016). In order to optimize the production of hydrocarbons and the management of other geofluids (for example, groundwater and CO 2 ), a better understanding and modelling of the dolomitization processes is fundamental for predicting the spatial distribution of dolomite bodies in carbonate reservoirs, as well as their petrophysical properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fault‐controlled dolomite bodies as palaeotectonic indicators and geofluid reservoirs: New insights from Gargano Promontory outcrops

et al. 2017

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The Upper Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous platform-slope to basinal carbonate strata cropping out in Gargano Promontory (southern Italy) are partly dolomitized. Fieldwork and laboratory analyses (petrographic, petrophysical and geochemical) allowed the characterization of the dolomite bodies with respect to their distribution within the carbonate succession, their dimensions, geometries, textural variability, chemical stability, age, porosity, genetic mechanisms and relation with tectonics. The dolomite bodies range from metres to kilometres in size, are fault-related and fracture-related, and probably formed during the Early Cretaceous at <500 m burial depths and temperatures <50°C. The proposed dolomitization model relies on mobilization of Early Cretaceous seawater that flowed, downward and then upward, along faults and fractures and was modified in its isotopic composition moving through Triassic and Jurassic strata that underlie the studied dolomitized succession. Despite the numerous cases reported in literature, this study demonstrates that hydrothermal and/or high-temperature fluids are not necessarily required for fault-controlled dolomitization. Distribution and geometries of dolomite bodies can be used for palaeotectonic reconstructions, as they partly record the characteristics (size, attitude and kinematics) of the palaeo-faults, even if not preserved, that controlled dolomitization. In Gargano Promontory, dolomites record Early Cretaceous palaeo-faults from metres to kilometres long, striking north-west/south-east to east/west and characterized by normal to strike-slip kinematics. Dolomitization increases the matrix porosity by up to 7% and, therefore, can improve the geofluid storage capacity of tight, platform-slope to basinal limestones. The results have a great significance for characterization of geofluid (for example, hydrocarbons) reservoirs hosted in similar dolomitized carbonate successions. Distribution, size and shapes of reservoir rocks (i.e. dolomite bodies) could be broadly predictable if the characteristics of the palaeo-fault system present at the time of dolomitization are known. © 2017 The Authors. Sedimentology © 2017 International Association of Sedimentologist

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Impact of early dolomitization on multi-scale petrophysical heterogeneities and fracture intensity of low-porosity platform carbonates (Albian-Cenomanian, southern Apennines, Italy)

Cited by 29 publications

References 48 publications

Multiscale Fracture Analysis in a Reservoir-Scale Carbonate Platform Exposure (Sorrento Peninsula, Italy): Implications for Fluid Flow

Multiscale Fracture Analysis in a Reservoir-Scale Carbonate Platform Exposure (Sorrento Peninsula, Italy): Implications for Fluid Flow

Regional‐scale development of opening‐mode calcite veins due to silica diagenesis

Fault‐controlled dolomite bodies as palaeotectonic indicators and geofluid reservoirs: New insights from Gargano Promontory outcrops

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