Impact of El Niño on atmospheric circulations over East Asia and rainfall in China: Role of the anomalous western North Pacific anticyclone

Zhang, Renhe; Min, Qingye; Su, Jingzhi

doi:10.1007/s11430-016-9026-x

Cited by 199 publications

(123 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The decaying El Niño (La Niña)-like SST anomalies in the tropical Pacific that peak in winter primarily exert an impact on the following early summer SCD by inducing an anomalous low-level anticyclone (cyclone) over the Philippine Sea. The formation and maintenance of the PSAC are attributed to both in situ and remote eastern-central Pacific SST anomalies through an atmospheric Rossby wave response and wind-evaporation feedback (Wang et al 2000;Zhang et al 2017). In addition, warm (cold) SST anomalies are observed in the TIO in the spring following an El Niño (La Niña) peak, which can persist into early summer and thus generate easterly wind anomalies extending into the western equatorial Pacific (Xie et al 2009(Xie et al , 2010.…”

Section: Summary and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, the anomalous PSAC in the TPO runs is primarily excited and maintained by local cold SST anomalies in the tropical northwestern Pacific (Wang et al 2000(Wang et al , 2003Lau and Nath 2003;Xie and Carton 2004). The remote eastern-central Pacific warming also has a contribution to the PSAC variability (Zhang et al 1996(Zhang et al , 2017Wang et al 2000).…”

Section: Simulations Of the Forcing Mechanism By The Cammodelmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Early summer southern China rainfall variability and its oceanic drivers

Ren

Zuo

et al. 2017

Clim Dyn

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exert a downstream impact on the SCD by inducing a Eurasian wave-train pattern. The North Atlantic tripole-like SST anomalies also make a relatively weak contribution to the variations of the PSAC and SCD through a subtropical teleconnection. Modeling results indicate that the three-basin combined forcing has a greater impact on the SCD and associated circulation anomalies than the individual influence from any single oceanic basin.

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Section: Summary and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Simulations Of the Forcing Mechanism By The Cammodelmentioning

confidence: 92%

Early summer southern China rainfall variability and its oceanic drivers

Ren

Zuo

et al. 2017

Clim Dyn

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“…According to the Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) distributed by NOAA (http://origin.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/analysis_monitoring/ensostuff/ONI_v5.php), an El Niño event occurred from 2009 to 2010 and was followed by a strong La Niña event. The previous studies have documented El Niño–Southern Oscillation events have a lagged impact on the SST and regional climate at SCS in the summer of the following year (Du et al, ; Hu et al, ; Huang et al, ; Liu et al, ; Wang et al, ; Wu et al, ; Xie et al, , ; Zhang et al, ). The change in atmospheric moisture induced by the variation in large‐scale circulation in the SCS may be one possible reason for the anomalous intensification of offshore rainfall in 2010.…”

Section: Analysis Of the Synoptic Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 98%

Response of the Diurnal Cycle of Summer Rainfall to Large‐Scale Circulation and Coastal Upwelling at Hainan, South China

et al. 2019

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The modulation of coastal rainfall at Hainan by large‐scale circulation and coastal upwelling is studied using observations and numerical modeling. Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission data show that the monthly mean rainfall off southern Hainan was considerably higher in August 2010 than in August 2011. The main cause of this difference is an intensification of offshore rainfall from midnight to early morning. Compared with the multiyear (2000–2017) average field, reanalysis data show that there is an apparent increase in atmospheric humidity in August 2010. During this time, a moderate El Niño was decaying and a new La Niña event was developing, so a significant adjustment of the large‐scale circulation was observed in the western Pacific. The resulting anomalous onshore wind depresses the development of upwelling, leading to a relatively warm sea surface temperature off the south coast of Hainan, which in turn enhances the land‐sea thermal contrast and land breeze at night. Decreases in upwelling intensity and asymmetric intensification of nocturnal and daytime offshore rainfall are confirmed not only in the summer of 2010 but also in the summer of 2003. Numerical simulations using the Weather Research and Forecasting model verify that the enhanced land breeze ultimately leads to pronounced coastal rainfall off southern Hainan at night. The results indicate that localized surface convergence associated with the sea and land breezes may be more important than the atmospheric humidity and convective instability in modulating the diurnal cycle of rainfall for tropical islands.

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“…There have been many studies on the causes of WNPAC production and maintenance. During the mature phase of super El Niño, the convective cooling anomalies over the tropical WNP caused by the weakened convections trigger off an atmospheric Rossby wave response, resulting in the generation of the WNPAC (Zhang et al ., ). Wu et al .…”

Section: Linkage To Anomalous Large‐scale Ocean–atmosphere Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pronounced extended duration of tropical cyclone quiescent periods over the western North Pacific in the super El Niño decaying years

Wang

Zhai

2019

Intl Journal of Climatology

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This study investigated the relationship between the duration of the western North Pacific (WNP) tropical cyclone (TC) quiescent periods (no TC in the period) and the super El Niño events during 1951–2016. The results show that the average duration of the TC quiescent period (DTCQP) is shorter (90 days) during super El Niño developing (EN) years, compared with the 1951–2016 mean DTCQP (105 days). However, in the four super El Niño decaying (EN + 1) years, the DTCQP is about 200 days, which is much longer than the 1951–2016 mean DTCQP. Further study suggests that the delayed super El Niño impacts on the DTCQP in the year following the El Niño peak is due to the persistence of the WNP anomalous anticyclone (WNPAC), which is enhanced during the mature phase of El Niño but maintained through the subsequent spring and summer. The anomalous development and persistence of the WNPAC significantly influences the monsoon trough activity, which leads to delayed and weak development of the monsoon trough in the summer of super EN + 1 years. From April to June of the super EN + 1 years, there is almost no monsoon trough activity over the WNP and the large‐scale environmental conditions are unfavourable for TC genesis. In contrast, from April to June in the super EN years, the WNP is dominated by anomalous cyclonic circulation, which leads to early and strong development of the monsoon trough. The intensified and eastwards extended monsoon trough seems to coincide with favourable environmental conditions for TC genesis.

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Impact of El Niño on atmospheric circulations over East Asia and rainfall in China: Role of the anomalous western North Pacific anticyclone

Cited by 199 publications

References 45 publications

Early summer southern China rainfall variability and its oceanic drivers

Early summer southern China rainfall variability and its oceanic drivers

Response of the Diurnal Cycle of Summer Rainfall to Large‐Scale Circulation and Coastal Upwelling at Hainan, South China

Pronounced extended duration of tropical cyclone quiescent periods over the western North Pacific in the super El Niño decaying years

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