Impact of Exercise Training on Myocardial Oxygen Supply/Demand Relationship and Sympatho-Vagal Activity in Obese Middle-Aged Individuals

Obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are associated with abnormal cardiovascular autonomic function and increased risk for cardiac complications, especially after exercise. Since improvements at rest are not always observed after training, we investigated changes in resting and post-exercise autonomic function in obese women with and without T2D after16-week of walking training. Heart rate (HR) variability (HRV) and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) were measured at rest and 20 min after a 20 min bout of treadmill exercise at 65% VO(2) peak in obese women with (n = 8) and without T2D (n = 12) before and after training. HRV was analyzed by frequency-domain [high- (HF) power and low-frequency (LF)] and BRS by the sequence method. Exercise training induced similar significant changes in VO(2) peak, resting systolic blood pressure (SBP) and post-exercise autonomic function in both groups. Training increased VO(2 )peak (6%; P < 0.01) and decreased resting SBP (8%; P < 0.001). Increased post-exercise HR recovery (5%; P < 0.001), HF power (14%; P < 0.05), LF power (14%; P < 0.05) and BRS (86%; P < 0.001) were also observed. Resting autonomic function and post-exercise SBP were not altered after training. In conclusion, endurance training reduced blood pressure without changes in HRV and BRS at rest, but training increased HRV and BRS during the recovery of acute endurance exercise indicating an improved post-exercise autonomic modulation of HR, which was similar in obese women with and without T2D.

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Endurance training improves post-exercise cardiac autonomic modulation in obese women with and without type 2 diabetes

Figueroa

Baynard

Fernhall

et al. 2007

Eur J Appl Physiol

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The Effect of Wai Tan Kung on Autonomic Nervous Modulation in the Elderly

Kuo

2003

J Biomed Sci

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The decline in physical capacity in the elderly can be ameliorated by low-velocity, low-impact exercises. Wai tan kung (WTK), a traditional Taiwanese conditioning exercise, is suitable for older people. This study evaluated the effect of WTK on autonomic nervous modulation in the elderly. Twenty WTK practitioners and 20 normal controls were recruited in this study. The stationary state spectral heart rate variability (HRV) measures, hemodynamics, and spirometry between the WTK group and normal controls and sequential changes in HRV measures and hemodynamics after WTK were compared. We found that the standard deviation and coefficient of variation of RR intervals, total power, low frequency power (LFP), and normalized LFP (nLFP) in WTK practitioners before WTK were all significantly higher than those of normal controls. After WTK, the normalized high-frequency power increased (nHFP) significantly from 27.7 ± 13.2 normalized units (nu) before WTK to 37.6 ± 16.0 nu 30 min after WTK, and to 39.8 ± 20.1 nu 60 min after WTK. In contrast, LFP/HFP decreased significantly from 1.3 ± 1.0 before WTK to 1.0 ± 0.9 30 min after WTK and to 0.8 ± 0.6 60 min after WTK. We concluded that in the short term, WTK enhances vagal modulation and suppresses sympathetic modulation, whereas in the long term, WTK enhances sympathetic modulation without compromising vagal modulation of the elderly. Thus WTK is good health-promoting calisthenics that can be recommended to the elderly.

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Impact of Exercise Training on Myocardial Oxygen Supply/Demand Relationship and Sympatho-Vagal Activity in Obese Middle-Aged Individuals

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Endurance training improves post-exercise cardiac autonomic modulation in obese women with and without type 2 diabetes

Endurance training improves post-exercise cardiac autonomic modulation in obese women with and without type 2 diabetes

The Effect of Wai Tan Kung on Autonomic Nervous Modulation in the Elderly

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