Impact of Fermented Mulberry Leaf and Fish Offal in Diet Formulation of Indian Major Carp (Labeo rohita)

Effects of Mulberry (Morus alba L.) Leaf Extracts on Growth, Immune Response, and Antioxidant Functions in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

“…Mulberry leaf can be used as a potential fishmeal replacement in formulated feeds for fish. (Kaviraj et al, 2013;Mondal et al, 2015;Sheikhlar et al, 2014). Besides being a good protein source in animal culture, mulberry leaf is also a traditional Chinese medicine.…”

“…Many studies have shown that mulberry leaf has good palatability and is rich in nutrients, with especially high in crude protein content and a variety of fatty acids, minerals, vitamins, bioactive substances and phytonutrients (Chan et al, 2016;Chen et al, 2021;Liu et al, 2019a). Consequently, mulberry leaf has been successfully used as a dietary protein supplement in aquaculture and in poultry and livestock farming (Ali et al, 2020;Kandylis et al, 2009;Kaviraj et al, 2013;Kong et al, 2019;Lin et al, 2017;Liu et al, 2019b;. Furthermore, mulberry leaf has been suggested as a novel food (Li et al, 2018) and medicinal plant.…”

“…The nutritional and medicinal value of mulberry leaf has also been demonstrated in fish. Mulberry leaf has been tested as a potential fishmeal replacement in formulated feed for catfish Heteropneustes fossilis and carp Labeo rohita, and fermented mulberry leaf meal was shown to have excellent nutritional quality for carp (Kaviraj et al, 2013;Mondal et al, 2015). It has been reported that the plant helped alleviate infections with Aeromonas hydrophilain in African catfish Clarias gariepinus, (Sheikhlar et al, 2014), had antiparasitic effects against Ichthyophthirius multifiliis in grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Fu et al, 2014;Liang et al, 2015), and mitigated the potential hazards of heavy metals (e.g., cadmium residue) in the liver of the rare minnow Gobiocyprisrarus (Xiong et al, 2020).…”

Evaluation of Yeast Fermented Poultry By-Product Meal in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Feed: Effects on Growth Performance, Digestive Enzymes Activity, Innate Immunity, and Antioxidant Capacity

“…Potential problems in PBM feeding exist due to the existence of fibers and high levels of lipids, which can cause high oxidation, malnutrition, and lower palatability (12,13). To reduce the costs of the feed and environmental pollution, PBM can be treated with suitable microorganisms with beneficial effects (14,15). Recently, the fermentation strategy has been applied to balance the nutritional value of animal protein sources (16).…”

Effects of woody forages on biodiversity and bioactivity of aerobic culturable gut bacteria of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

“…Furthermore, the woody plants have great resource advantages, and their utilization needs to be improved in China. In previous studies, Rugang Han [16] used MOL leaf meal as aquatic feed, while Kaviraj et al [17] used fermented FM to feed the Indian major carp Labeo rohita. On the other hand, Lim et al [18] and Zaineldin et al [19] have shown that the rational use of microbial fermentation technology can produce fermented feeds that can improve feed digestibility, feed intake and immunity of aquatic animals.…”