Impact of Financial Inclusion on the Efficiency of Carbon Emissions: Evidence from 30 Provinces in China

Zhang, Xu; Sun, Huaping; Wang, Taohong

doi:10.3390/en15197316

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…The climate risk, which has a severe effect on individual incomes and well-being, reveals the perceived adverse impact of climate change on economic growth. Zhang et al [34] state that the greenhouse effect is mostly generated by carbon emissions, which have grown to be one of the biggest and most important environmental issues of our time. The release of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) has severe economic and societal effects in addition to causing major ecological harm.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Sadorsky [46] and Zhang [47], financial development facilitates the process for customers to get credit, encouraging them to buy energy-intensive goods like cars and driving up carbon emissions. Zhang et al [34] use the Granger causality test, variance decomposition, and cointegration study to investigate how financial development affects carbon emissions. The analysis argues that China's financial development is one major factor influencing the rise in carbon emissions.…”

Section: Environmental Changementioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental Change and Inclusive Finance: Does Governance Quality Matter for African Countries?

et al. 2023

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This paper examines the effect of environmental change on inclusive finance in African countries during the period 1996–2020. It also investigates the moderating role of government quality on the association between environmental change and inclusive finance. We collected five-year average data from various sources such as the World Development Indicators, the World Governance Indicators, and the International Monetary Fund. Government quality is measured by six dimensions: political stability, voice and accountability, government effectiveness, regulation quality, the rule of law, and corruption control. Environmental change is measured by CO2 emissions. Inclusive finance is measured by the financial development index through depth, access, and efficiency ratios. These variables represent the most used in prior studies as they are published by international organizations such as the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund, which represent a reputable source of timely information related to the business environment in which business executives operate in several countries. The results show a significant impact of environmental change on inclusive finance. Including economic governance induces a significant and positive effect on financial inclusion in all instances. Our results also show that the coefficients of the interaction between environmental change and governance dimensions are positive and significant. The moderator role of governance is improved when taking into account political, institutional, and economic governance. Our findings offer more motivation for regulators and governments to develop environmental policies that integrate inclusive finance to meet sustainable development goals. Our results are important as they can help regulators, investors, and policymakers to assess and better understand the potential moderation role of governance quality in the relationship between inclusive finance and environmental change.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Environmental Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Change and Inclusive Finance: Does Governance Quality Matter for African Countries?

et al. 2023

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“…Ref. [28] proposed a new DEA model that applies super-efficiency to a slacks-based measure, and many researchers have used it for their empirical studies, including [29,30]. This calculation process of super-efficiency results in the efficiency value of the efficient DMU being greater than one, whereas the efficiency value of the inefficient DMU remains the same as that obtained in Model (4).…”

Section: Super-efficiency Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Efficiency of Japan’s 47 Prefectures Incorporating Sustainability Factors

Ishida,

Goto

2024

Energies

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The purpose of this study is to examine a productive efficiency index that incorporates two new production factors of sustainability—an environmental variable as an undesirable output and a well-being indicator as a desirable output—for 12 years of data from 2007 to 2018 pertaining to 47 prefectures in Japan. This study proposes a combination of a new data envelopment analysis (DEA) intermediate approach with the DEA super-efficiency model to measure the integrated productive efficiency. The approach incorporates CO2 emissions and a well-being indicator into the conventional productivity index. A three-stage analysis is conducted by sequentially adding new factors, CO2 emissions, and a well-being indicator. We also conduct a club convergence analysis of the productive efficiency and observe how clubs are formed, what their characteristics are, and how the efficiency changes over time. Through these approaches, we examine the practicality of the new efficiency measure and discuss regional policy implications. We found that higher labor productivity and carbon productivity in major industries caused increased productive efficiency. Adding sustainability factors to the conventional production factors in efficiency measurement widened the efficiency gap among prefectures.

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“…Technical progress will improve the efficiency of resource consumption and eliminate the backward production capacity; the development and application of new energy technology can reduce CO 2 emissions and improve CEE [53]. Considering data availability and the existing studies of Zhang et al [54] and Zhang et al [55], this indicator was calculated using the patent application granted per 100,000 people, and we expected that the technical progress level would be positively correlated with CEE.…”

Section: Control Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Are the Impacts of Urbanisation on Carbon Emissions Efficiency? Evidence from Western China

Yang,

Liang,

Yao

et al. 2023

Land

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The contributions of this research are making the theoretical analysis of the impact mechanism of urbanisation on carbon emissions efficiency (CEE), and then empirically analysing the effects of urbanisation on CEE in Western China from 2010 to 2019 by applying the epsilon-based measure model with undesirable outputs and the Tobit model. Major findings are: (1) The mean CEE of the 11 western provinces show a trend of declining and then increasing over those 10 years, demonstrating U-shaped change characteristics. (2) The CEE of Guangxi has the most significant decrease, while the CEE of Chongqing showed only a small fluctuation; the CEE of Guizhou has the characteristic that first it rises, then descends, then rises again; the CEEs of Inner Mongolia and Yunnan have been in the production frontier surface from 2010 to 2015, and presents the trend of declining, then increasing after 2015. The CEEs of the other six western provinces present a trend of declining, then increasing. (3) Chongqing, Sichuan, Inner Mongolia, and Yunnan have a high level of CEE, followed by Shaanxi, Xinjiang, Guangxi, and Guizhou, with an intermediate level of CEE, and Gansu, Ningxia, and Qinghai, with the lowest level of CEE. (4) The effects of urbanisation on CEE in Western China present a U-shaped relationship, meaning that the process of influence was first inhibition, then stimulation. At present, the process of urbanisation shows negative impacts on the CEE, while the tipping point has not yet arrived. The western provinces of China should follow the path of high-quality urbanisation to quickly shift the impact of urbanisation on CEE to the right side of the U-shaped curve.

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Impact of Financial Inclusion on the Efficiency of Carbon Emissions: Evidence from 30 Provinces in China

Cited by 8 publications

References 67 publications

Environmental Change and Inclusive Finance: Does Governance Quality Matter for African Countries?

Environmental Change and Inclusive Finance: Does Governance Quality Matter for African Countries?

Integrated Efficiency of Japan’s 47 Prefectures Incorporating Sustainability Factors

What Are the Impacts of Urbanisation on Carbon Emissions Efficiency? Evidence from Western China

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