Impact of Genetic and Environmental Determinants of Taste with Food Preferences in Older Adults

Navarro-Allende, Alejandra; Khataan, Nora H.; El-Sohemy, Ahmed

doi:10.1080/01639360802261920

Cited by 30 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…And, at concentrations above the detection threshold, the perceived intensity of the stimulus may vary between individuals. This variation in taste sensitivity may affect food liking as well as food choice [1]–[6] and may ultimately impact health outcomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity of Genome-Wide-Association Signals to Phenotyping Strategy: The PROP-TAS2R38 Taste Association as a Benchmark

et al. 2011

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Natural genetic variation can have a pronounced influence on human taste perception, which in turn may influence food preference and dietary choice. Genome-wide association studies represent a powerful tool to understand this influence. To help optimize the design of future genome-wide-association studies on human taste perception we have used the well-known TAS2R38-PROP association as a tool to determine the relative power and efficiency of different phenotyping and data-analysis strategies. The results show that the choice of both data collection and data processing schemes can have a very substantial impact on the power to detect genotypic variation that affects chemosensory perception. Based on these results we provide practical guidelines for the design of future GWAS studies on chemosensory phenotypes. Moreover, in addition to the TAS2R38 gene past studies have implicated a number of other genetic loci to affect taste sensitivity to PROP and the related bitter compound PTC. None of these other locations showed genome-wide significant associations in our study. To facilitate further, target-gene driven, studies on PROP taste perception we provide the genome-wide list of p-values for all SNPs genotyped in the current study.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity of Genome-Wide-Association Signals to Phenotyping Strategy: The PROP-TAS2R38 Taste Association as a Benchmark

et al. 2011

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“…Age, culture, appetite, cost and availability are also important determinants [33] . The role that genetic variability in taste perception has in eating behavior or health outcomes may be more apparent among younger subjects since environmental and physiological factors may have had less of an impact on the eating behavior of these individuals [34] . In a recent review on the nutritional implications of genetic taste variation, it was noted that this wide variety of food selection determinants has been largely ignored in studies of this phenotype [35] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<i>TAS2R38 </i>Genotypes and Phenylthiocarbamide Bitter Taste Perception in a Population of Young Adults

Khataan¹,

Stewart²,

Brenner³

et al. 2009

Lifestyle Genomics

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Background/Aims:TAS2R38 belongs to the TAS2R bitter taste receptor gene family and polymorphisms are associated with differences in bitter taste perception of phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) and 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP). The objectives were to test whether the genotype-phenotype relationship varies between ethnocultural groups and whether a filter paper method can predict TAS2R38 genotype. Methods: Subjects (n = 911) aged 20–29 rated the intensity of a PTC-containing filter paper on a scale of 1–9, from ‘not at all bitter’ to ‘extremely bitter’. The TAS2R38 A49P polymorphism was detected by real-time PCR. Results: The overall frequency of the 49A variant was 0.47 and the AA, AP, and PP genotype distribution was 0.24, 0.45 and 0.31, respectively. Those with AA, AP, or PP genotypes had mean bitterness rating scores of 2.3, 4.9, and 5.9, respectively. The 49A variant frequency was significantly lower among Asians (28%) as compared to Caucasians (55%), South Asians (60%) or others (56%) (p < 0.0001). The genotype-phenotype relationship was similar across ethnocultural groups, however, a stronger genotype-phenotype association was observed among women as compared to men. Conclusion: Our findings show that a simple PTC filter paper tasting method strongly predicts TAS2R38 genotype, and that the genotype-phenotype association is similar among ethnocultural groups.

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“…Although the association between age and the expression of bitter taste receptors is controversial and the relationship may not be consistent [24], it was reported to be greatly influenced by various environmental factors [25]. For instance, we previously reported that bitter taste receptor expression was influenced by exposure to a wide variety of foods; in other words the more food types people experience, the greater their expression of bitter taste receptors (presented at 15 th International Symposium on Olfaction and Taste at San Francisco).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A possible explanation for this is that the expression of bitter taste receptors is so sensitive to environmental factors that it is conceivable that the expression would decrease to zero very quickly [25]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lower expressions of the human bitter taste receptor TAS2R in smokers: reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis

Aoki¹,

Takao²,

Takao³

et al. 2014

Tobacco Induced Diseases

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BackgroundDespite the fact that smokers have deficit in detecting taste, particularly bitter taste, no study has investigated its biological correlate.MethodsIn this context, we compared the expression of the bitter taste receptor gene, taste 2 receptor (TAS2R) in the tongues of smokers and non-smokers. Tissue samples were collected from the lateral portion of the tongues of 22 smokers and 22 age- and gender-matched healthy volunteers (19 males and three females) with no history of smoking. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction was used to examine the expression of TAS2R in the two groups, and the effect of aging on TAS2R expression was also assessed.ResultsTAS2R expression was significantly lower among smokers than non-smokers (t = 6.525, P < .0001, 11.36 ± 6.0 vs. 2.09 ± 2.8, mean ± SD, non-smokers vs. smokers). Further, a positive correlation between age and expression of TAS2R was observed in non-smokers (r = .642, P = .001), but not smokers (r = .124, P = .584). This correlation difference was significant (Z = 1.96, P = .0496).ConclusionsSmokers showed a significantly lower expression of the bitter taste receptor gene than non-smokers, which is potentially caused by their inability to acquire such receptors with age because of cigarette smoking, in contrast to non-smokers.

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Impact of Genetic and Environmental Determinants of Taste with Food Preferences in Older Adults

Cited by 30 publications

References 37 publications

Sensitivity of Genome-Wide-Association Signals to Phenotyping Strategy: The PROP-TAS2R38 Taste Association as a Benchmark

Sensitivity of Genome-Wide-Association Signals to Phenotyping Strategy: The PROP-TAS2R38 Taste Association as a Benchmark

<i>TAS2R38 </i>Genotypes and Phenylthiocarbamide Bitter Taste Perception in a Population of Young Adults

Lower expressions of the human bitter taste receptor TAS2R in smokers: reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis

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