Impact of Housing and Infrastructure on handwashing in Peru

Malika, Nipher; Barbagelatta, Guisella; Penny, Mary E.; Reynolds, Kelly A.; Sinclair, Ryan

doi:10.1093/inthealth/ihaa008

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 42 publications

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“…A study conducted in the Peruvian territory reported that the enterobacterium Escherichia coli was found in the water for human consumption in one out of four households, indicating the presence of a pathogen that causes diarrheal diseases in the population ( 35 ). In addition, it has been reported that other limitations include inadequate practice of handwashing (due to a greater number of children in the home) ( 36 ) and climatic changes (especially an increase in environmental temperature) perceived in Peru ( 37 ), thereby producing an increase in the prevalence of childhood diarrhea. In this regard, government institutions should redouble their efforts to ensure compliance with Sustainable Development Goal 6, which seeks to improve access to and quality of water in the population and, consequently, to reduce the burden of disease due to childhood diarrhea and the costs of this disease to the health system ( 5 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants, inequalities, and spatial patterns of diarrhea in the Peruvian under-five population: findings from nationally representative survey data

Hernández-Vasquéz

Vargas-Fernández

Cayo

2023

Front. Public Health

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ObjectiveTo determine the associated factors, decompose the socioeconomic inequalities, and analyze the spatial distribution of childhood diarrhea in Peru.MethodsA cross-sectional analytical study was conducted using data from the National Demographic and Family Health Survey 2021. The dependent variable was the presence of diarrhea in the last two weeks. Three types of analysis were performed: (i) to evaluate the associated factors, generalized linear models of the Poisson family with logarithmic link were applied and prevalence ratios with their 95% confidence intervals were reported; (ii) for the analysis of inequalities, a decomposition of the Erreygers concentration index was performed using a generalized linear model; and (ii) a spatial autocorrelation analysis, hot spot analysis and cluster and outlier analysis were performed.ResultsA total of 18,871 children under 5 years of age were included. The prevalence of diarrhea in this population was 10.0%. Determinants such as being aged 0–23 months, being male, belonging to the poorest, poorer and rich wealth index, and residing in the Highlands and Jungle increased the probability of presenting diarrhea. In the decomposition analysis, diarrhea had a pro-poor orientation, with the greatest contributors were age 0–23 months, belonging to the poorest and poorer wealth indexes, and residing in the Highlands and Jungle. Spatial analysis showed that the highest concentrations and occurrence of this event were observed in departments of the Highlands and Jungle.ConclusionGovernment institutions seeking to reduce the numbers and burden of childhood diarrhea should focus their strategies on promoting hygiene measures and improving access to water and sanitation services, especially in poor populations living in the Peruvian Highlands and Jungle.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants, inequalities, and spatial patterns of diarrhea in the Peruvian under-five population: findings from nationally representative survey data

Hernández-Vasquéz

Vargas-Fernández

Cayo

2023

Front. Public Health

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Urbanization and Infectious Disease

Dorsey

2024

American J Hum Biol

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The United Nations currently estimates that over half of the global population has lived in cities since 2017 and that this proportion is continuing to grow, particularly in the Global South. While urbanization is not new, increased population density combined with accelerating rates of (re)emerging and noncommunicable diseases as well as growing economic disparities has created new challenges to human health and well‐being. Here, I examine peri‐urban communities, peripheral settlements on the edges of urban areas populated by rural people, and argue that these areas are often overlooked, despite becoming increasingly common. Thus, human biologists should move beyond categorizing these spaces as transitional. Using unplanned, peri‐urban communities around Lima, Peru as a case study, I detail the complexity of political ecological factors that impact infectious disease risk and rates in peri‐urban communities. Using disease mechanisms, I demonstrate the importance of a biocultural approach and a political ecology perspective when investigating infectious disease. I highlight how human biologists and anthropologists are uniquely positioned to explore the heterogeneity of infectious disease patterns and pathways in an increasingly urbanized world.

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The effectiveness of community-led total sanitation cadre intervention in improving stunting knowledge and behavior

Syam,

Bungawati

2024

Healthc Low-resour S

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The prevalence of stunting remains high in Central Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. Poor sanitation is a significant risk factor for stunting, and community-based interventions such as Community-Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) show promise in addressing this issue. Despite the government’s multi-sectoral and integrated approach, encompassing both specific and sensitive nutrition interventions, the problem of stunting persists. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of cadre-led interventions in improving community knowledge and behavior related to CLTS as a means of stunting prevention. A quasi-experimental, non-randomized design was used, with proportional stratified random sampling applied to a population of 332, resulting in a sample size of 182 individuals. Data collection was conducted from July to September 2023. The intervention involved CLTS cadres delivering counseling and triggering activities to mothers of stunted children. Knowledge and behavior regarding the five pillars of CLTS were measured as the dependent variables using a CLTS questionnaire with a scoring system. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 22.0, specifically employing the independent-sample t-test with a significance threshold of p<0.05. Results indicated a significant increase in knowledge across the five pillars of CLTS (p=0.000), as well as a significant improvement in behavior concerning handwashing with soap, drinking water, food management, and household wastewater management (p=0.000). The findings suggest that cadres play an effective role in enhancing community knowledge and behavior regarding CLTS, contributing to stunting prevention efforts.

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Impact of Housing and Infrastructure on handwashing in Peru

Cited by 4 publications

References 42 publications

Determinants, inequalities, and spatial patterns of diarrhea in the Peruvian under-five population: findings from nationally representative survey data

Determinants, inequalities, and spatial patterns of diarrhea in the Peruvian under-five population: findings from nationally representative survey data

Urbanization and Infectious Disease

The effectiveness of community-led total sanitation cadre intervention in improving stunting knowledge and behavior

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