Impact of inducing general anaesthesia with MS‐222 on haematological and biochemical parameters of pikeperch (Sander lucioperca)

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the impact of MS‐222 on the haematological and biochemical parameters of juvenile pikeperch. The experiment was conducted on fish with body weight of 112.50 ± 13.01 g and body length of 22.5 ± 1.8 cm. The fish were exposed to MS‐222 via immersion at two concentrations (100, 150 mg/L) and for two exposure periods (3, 10 min). Significantly higher values of white blood cells, red blood cells, haemoglobin and haematocrit were noted in all groups of fish from which blood samples were drawn immediately after exposure. After 24 hr, only in group V (100/3/24) did the values of these parameters return to initial values. The analysis of biochemical parameters signalled significant differences in three parameters: glucose, total protein and lactates. Twenty‐four hours after exposure, the values of these three parameters returned to initial levels. Significant differences were also noted in four ion concentrations: potassium, phosphorus, sodium and iron. Twenty‐four hours later, potassium and phosphorus concentrations had returned to initial values, while that of sodium still exhibited significant differences. Twenty‐four hours later, differences were also noted in iron ion concentrations in the groups subjected to the longest exposure or the highest concentration. All of the MS‐222 immersion parameters were effective. However, the smallest changes in the analysed parameters of pikeperch blood were noted in individuals from group I (100/3/0). The current study indicated, however, that longer pikeperch immersion in the anaesthetic solution (>3 min) or applying concentrations exceeding 100 mg/L are not recommended.

Minimally invasive evaluation of the anaesthetic efficacy of MS‐222 for ornamental discus fish using skin mucus biomarkers

“…Similar results were also observed in the previous studies (e.g. Phuong et al, 2017; Rożyński et al, 2019; Toni et al, 2015). Lactate elevation is regarded as a stress response, as it increases due to the insufficient oxygen supply for fish tissue during stress (Barton, 2002; Bonga, 1997).…”

“…The increases in plasma total protein were also detected in the previous studies (e.g. Devi & Kamilya, 2019; Ribeiro, de Melo Hoyos, de Oliveira, Della Flora, & Luz, 2019; Rożyński et al, 2019). No significant change at 95 and 105 mg/L MS‐222 at 10 min after deep anaesthesia may be connected to the strong anaesthetic effect of high MS‐222 concentrations.…”

“…Anaesthetics are considered as surgery in fish to reduce stress and injuries and have been commonly applied during the procedures covering sampling, transportation, tagging and handling (Priborsky & Velisek, 2018). The effective anaesthetics include etomidate, clove oil, benzocaine, 2‐phenoxyethanol, quinaldine, metomidate and propofol (Iversen, Finstad, McKinley, & Eliassen, 2003; Mitjana et al, 2014; Ross & Ross, 2008; Rożyński, Ziomek, Demska‐Zakes, & Zakes, 2019; Thomas & Robertson, 1991). Besides, the most commonly used anaesthetic agent is tricaine methanesulphonate (MS‐222) because of its rapid induction and recovery process, efficacy and availability (e.g.…”

Influence of brief immersion in an aqueous solution of sodium chloride and/or copper sulphate on pikeperch (Sander lucioperca (L.)) blood parameters

“…Good indicators of the responses of animals to prophylactic procedures are indicators of their physiological state, e.g., hematological and blood biochemical indicators. These indicators are applied as tools to study the state of fish health (Blaxhall, 1972;Rożyński et al, 2019). Qualitative and quantitative changes in hematological and biochemical parameters are important criteria that serve to evaluate the health of an animal and to make diagnoses (Movahed et al, 2016).…”

Transport and Recovery of Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) Sedated with MS-222 and Eugenol: Effects on Intermediary Metabolism and Osmoregulation

“…It is currently the only anesthetic used by the Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) for food fish [ 9 ]. At present, MS-222 has been used in the anesthesia and transportation research of Largemouth Bass, pikeperch ( Sander lucioperca ), lumpfish ( Cyclopterus lumpus ) and Far Eastern Catfish ( Silurus asotus ), and so on [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. Feng G et al and Palić D et al also studied the effects of MS-222 and eugenol on blood biochemical parameters of juvenile Siberian sturgeon ( Acipenser baerii ) and on the cellular function of fathead minnows ( Pimephales promelas ) [ 14 , 15 ].…”