Impact of international transportation chains on cost of green e-hydrogen: Global cost of hydrogen and consequences for Germany and Finland

Galimova, Tansu; Fasihi, Mahdi; Bogdanov, Dmitrii; Breyer, Christian

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.121369

Cited by 40 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…As the aviation industry intends to decarbonize its energy, one shall consider that the LH 2 option requires not only more electricity from the grid compared to eFuel but also that it comes with the need to be produced at the point of use as it does not travel efficiently [16]. LH 2 should be produced locally, which could significantly harm the cost for airlines in countries where electricity prices are high as shown in Figure 8 below.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The electricity requirements to produce H 2 and eFuels are very high [11,[13][14][15][16][17] and, therefore, the impacts associated with the production of these energy carriers shall be considered, namely cost and CO 2 , in this study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Electricity for liquid H 2 : LH 2 produced from water electrolysis will be either used in a gas turbine or in a fuel cell. Our assumptions is that LH 2 will be directly manufactured on site to avoid any long-distance transportation as carrying hydrogen significantly impacts the cost and CO 2 emissions [16]. The value for electrolysis is 20 g/kWh or 50 kWh per kg of H 2 as proposed by Younas et al in "An Overview of Hydrogen Production: Current Status, Potential, and Challenges" [15] while the energy cost for liquefaction adds 15 kWh per kg of H 2 as highlighted by Al Ghafri et al in "Hydrogen liquefaction: a review of the fundamental physics, engineering practice and future opportunities" [27].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Techno-Economic Comparison of Low-Carbon Energy Carriers Based on Electricity for Air Mobility

Jarin,

Beddok,

Haritchabalet

2024

Energies

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The decarbonization of air mobility requires the decarbonization of its energy. While biofuels will play an important role, other low-carbon energy carriers based on electricity are considered, such as battery electrification and liquid hydrogen (LH2) or eFuel, a hydrogen-based energy carrier. Each energy carrier has its own conversion steps and losses and its own integration effects with aircraft. These combinations lead to different energy requirements and must be understood in order to compare their cost and CO2 emissions. Since they are all electricity-based, this study compares these energy carriers using the well-to-rotor methodology when applied to a standard vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) air mobility mission. This novel approach allows one to understand that the choice of energy carrier dictates the propulsive system architecture, leading to integration effects with aircraft, which can significantly change the energy required for the same mission, increasing it from 400 to 2665 kWh. These deviations led to significant differences in CO2 emissions and costs. Battery electrification is impacted by battery manufacturing but has the lowest electricity consumption. This is an optimum solution, but only until the battery weight can be lifted. In all scenarios, eFuel is more efficient than LH2. We conclude that using the most efficient molecule in an aircraft can compensate for the extra energy cost spent on the ground. Finally, we found that, for each of these energy carriers, it is the electricity carbon intensity and price which will dictate the cost and CO2 emissions of an air mobility mission.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Techno-Economic Comparison of Low-Carbon Energy Carriers Based on Electricity for Air Mobility

Jarin,

Beddok,

Haritchabalet

2024

Energies

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“…Alemania ha sido uno de los pioneros en cuanto a la adopción de hidrógeno verde, estableciendo un marco regulatorio y político de promoción e incentivo de esa industria (Sadik-Zada et al, 2023). A su vez, ha fomentado, entre las partes interesadas, la aceleración en investigación y adhesión de conocimiento teórico y práctico en cuanto a hidrógeno verde, la cual cuenta con potencial de uso en la industria, transporte y generación de energía (Galimova et al, 2023). Asimismo, en oriente, Japón, con su enfoque en la reducción de la dependencia de los combustibles fósiles y la seguridad energética, ha impulsado inversiones significativas en tecnologías de hidrógeno verde, implementando proyectos de producción de hidrógeno a partir de energía solar y eólica.…”

Section: Experiencias Internacionalesunclassified

“…Asimismo, Colombia también ha demostrado un progreso significativo al publicar su hoja de ruta del hidrógeno y establecer alianzas estratégicas con empresas nacionales y extranjeras. Además, la implementación de pruebas piloto de buses en el transporte público de la ciudad de Cartagena subraya su compromiso con esta industria (Galimova et al, 2023). Brasil, por su parte, se destaca por implementar estrategias y proyectos de considerable alcance en el campo de la transición hacia fuentes de energía más sostenibles como el Complejo Eólico de Osório (Enerfín, 2016).…”

Section: Experiencias Internacionalesunclassified

Hidrógeno verde: abriendo las puertas a un futuro energético sostenible en el Perú

Aranibar Ramos,

Olarten Pacco

2024

KAWSAYPACHA

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La preocupación por el cambio climático ha impulsado la búsqueda de soluciones energéticas sostenibles. En este contexto, el hidrógeno verde se destaca como una opción emergente y prometedora, dada su producción libre de emisiones de carbono y extensa aplicabilidad. No obstante, su abordaje académico a nivel peruano es aún escueto. A partir de ello, se tiene como objetivo analizar el potencial del hidrógeno verde en el Perú, considerando aspectos técnicos, económicos, ambientales y regulatorios. El estudio se basa en una revisión de la matriz energética actual peruana, identificando sus retos y limitaciones, y explora las oportunidades y ventajas que este podría ofrecer en el contexto nacional, examinando también experiencias internacionales. Se observa que el Perú posee una matriz energética diversa, pero enfrenta retos en términos de infraestructura, dependencia de combustibles fósiles y vulnerabilidad a fluctuaciones de precios internacionales. El hidrógeno verde tiene el potencial de aprovechar los recursos naturales renovables y ofrece beneficios económicos, ambientales y sociales, así como una mayor diversificación y seguridad energética. Se concluye que la implementación exitosa del hidrógeno verde en el Perú requerirá abordar obstáculos técnicos, establecer un marco regulatorio sólido y garantizar el acceso a financiamiento asequible. Las experiencias internacionales resaltan la colaboración entre el gobierno, industria e instituciones académicas para acelerar el desarrollo de estas tecnologías. Asimismo, el establecimiento de un marco regulatorio y político que proporcione seguridad y fomente la colaboración es menester. Una limitación del trabajo es que aborda sucintamente el ámbito de costo de las plantas de producción, punto posible de futuras investigaciones.

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Emission Free Energy Carriers and the Impact of Trade to Achieve the 1.5 °C Target: A Global Perspective of Hydrogen and Ammonia

Lippkau,

Rupakula,

Blesl

2024

Lecture Notes in Energy

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To achieve the global 1.5 °C target and realize a climate-neutral energy system, decarbonizing all sectors of final energy consumption is crucial. Green hydrogen and green ammonia emerge as pivotal in decarbonizing, particularly in the industrial sector by 2100, given their potential as emission-free energy carriers. These can be efficiently produced in regions abundant in renewable resources, with lower production costs and then exported to high-demand areas. This study explores the most cost-effective global trade routes for supplying these energy carriers, considering future electricity production, the role of renewables by 2100, global emissions, final energy consumption, and the subsequent production and logistics of hydrogen and ammonia. We introduce four scenarios: Business-as-Usual (BAU), a 1.5 °C scenario (1_5D) aligning with specific CO2 budgets, and two variants of the 1_5D scenario (SoS1 and SoS2) with varying restrictions on imports and domestic production. Employing the TIMES Integrated Assessment Model (TIAM), our findings suggest a future energy landscape dominated by the electricity sector, with solar PV contributing over 50% of green electricity by 2100. Hydrogen demand could reach 13,500 TWh compared to 155,000 TWh global energy demand. Without import constraints, Middle East Asia, due to its renewable resource richness and strategic location, could fulfill the global demand for green hydrogen and ammonia.

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Impact of international transportation chains on cost of green e-hydrogen: Global cost of hydrogen and consequences for Germany and Finland

Cited by 40 publications

References 81 publications

Techno-Economic Comparison of Low-Carbon Energy Carriers Based on Electricity for Air Mobility

Techno-Economic Comparison of Low-Carbon Energy Carriers Based on Electricity for Air Mobility

Hidrógeno verde: abriendo las puertas a un futuro energético sostenible en el Perú

Emission Free Energy Carriers and the Impact of Trade to Achieve the 1.5 °C Target: A Global Perspective of Hydrogen and Ammonia

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