Impact of intraocular scatter on stereopsis

Abstract

To investigate the effect of intraocular scatter on stereopsis, we measured stereoacuity with scatter either remaining at the natural eye-induced level or further enhanced by a set of three different scatter filters. Stereo thresholds at different viewing durations were obtained using a psychophysical method of constant stimuli. The results indicate that stereoacuity was degraded with a binocular increase in scatter levels for all the subjects. Measurements were also performed in the presence of interocular differences in scatter levels. In this case, stereoacuity was found to be even a little worse than that obtained with both eyes at a higher scatter level. This suggests that stereoacuity in the presence of interocular differences in scatter levels is mainly dependent on the higher scatter level.

Influence of Interocular Differences and Alcohol Consumption on Binocular Visual Performance

“…Regarding induced visual impairment, all binocular visual functions (visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, discrimination capacity and stereopsis) were negatively influenced by the three filter conditions (BPM2 on the dominant eye and BF_0.8 on the dominant and both eyes), with the greatest impairment being obtained with the BF_0.8 foil on both eyes and the least impairment with the BPM2 fog filter on the dominant eye. This was in accordance with other studies [27,42,91] corroborating the negative influence of intraocular scattering induced by filters on binocular vision. Although, as far as we know, our study is the first to consider the combined effects of alcohol consumption and penalizing filters (BPM2 and BF_0.8) on the binocular vision alteration.…”

“…One of these factors is the interocular differences (differences between the two eyes concerning a determined ocular parameter) which negatively disturb binocular vision. Increased interocular differences lead to that deterioration through decreased binocular summation [26,27,[34][35][36][37] and the impairment in stereopsis [27,[38][39][40][41][42]. For instance, in clinical applications, Jimenez et al [43] referred that increased interocular differences in corneal asphericity induced by refractive surgery, such as LASIK (Laser-Assisted in Situ Keratomileusis), impaired binocular visual performance (stereopsis).…”

Effect of interocular differences on binocular visual performance after inducing forward scattering

“…Intraocular scattering is responsible for deterioration of the visual parameters and retinal image. These findings are line with Zhao et al, 29 who found deteriorated stereoacuity induced by three different scatter filters placed binocularly before the eyes (Pro-Mist 1/2, Pro-Mist 1, Pro-Mist 2), suggesting a mutual influence between incremental interocular differences in scatter and deterioration of stereoacuity. Similar to Zhao et al, who assessed interocular differences in scattering on stereopsis, the present study evaluated and provided additional information to characterise objectively the scatter level induced (by means of ocular parameters such as OSI, RS, MTF cut-off and log(s)).…”

“…So et al 28 reported that interocular differences in visual acuity result in a deterioration in stereopsis. Further, increased interocular differences in scatter levels will negatively affects stereopsis 29 . Jimenez et al 30 observed that interocular differences in corneal asphericity following refractive surgery could reduce binocular visual performance, even if the subjects were emmetropic post‐surgery.…”

“…Further, increased interocular differences in scatter levels will negatively affects stereopsis. 29 Jimenez et al 30 observed that interocular differences in corneal asphericity following refractive surgery could reduce binocular visual performance, even if the subjects were emmetropic postsurgery. Furthermore, in the binocular visual system, sensory ocular dominance (i.e., where one eye is preferred to the other for a perceptual visual task related to the sensory visual system 31 ) is an important parameter and considered in keratorefractive 32 and cataract surgery, 20,33 in addition to the correction of presbyopia with a monovision technique 34,35 Here, typically the dominant eye is corrected for distance viewing due to the facility to suppress blur in the non-dominant eye, 34 thereby creating an interocular difference (anisometropia).…”