Impact of lipid rafts on transient receptor potential channel activities

Abstract

Members of the transient receptor potential (TRP) superfamily are cation channels that are expressed in nearly every mammalian cell type and respond as cellular sensors to various environmental stimuli. Light, pressure, osmolarity, temperature, and other stimuli can induce TRP calcium conductivity and correspondingly trigger many signaling processes in cells. Disruption of TRP channel activity, as a rule, harms cellular function. Despite numerous studies, the mechanisms of TRP channel regulation are not yet sufficiently clear, in part, because TRP channels are regulated by a broad set of ligands having diverse physical and chemical features. It is now known that some TRP members are located in membrane microdomains termed lipid rafts. Moreover, interaction between specific raft‐associated lipids with channels may be a key regulation mechanism. This review examines recent findings related to the roles of lipid rafts in regulation of TRP channel activity. The mechanistic events of channel interactions with the main lipid raft constituent, cholesterol, are being clarified. Better understanding of mechanisms behind such interactions would help establish the key elements of TRP channel regulation and hence allow control of cellular responses to environmental stimuli.

Pharmacological inhibition of TRPV2 attenuates phagocytosis and lipopolysaccharide‐induced migration of primary macrophages

“…In this context, the organization of TRPV2 in lipid microdomains might induce highly fluctuating and locally restricted Ca 2+ signals (Brundage et al, 1991; Wei et al, 2009). Additionally, organization of TRPV2 in microdomains that are enriched in steroids such as cholesterol and sphingolipids might directly affect channel activity by increased surface expression or spatial convergence to phosphorylating or regulating structures (Bobkov & Semenova, 2022; Sághy et al, 2015; Svobodova & Groschner, 2016). Therefore, we wanted to investigate whether TRPV2 shapes Ca 2+ microdomains by performing total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy in combination with a low affinity Ca 2+ indicator, which enabled the localization of subplasmalemmal Ca 2+ microdomains in BMDM (Lock et al, 2015).…”

Temperature activated transient receptor potential ion channels from Antarctic fishes

“…Some TRP channels, including TRPA1 and TRPV1, are associated with lipid rafts in the synaptic membrane and their activity is modulated by lipid raft integrity [59,60]. Lipid rafts are characterized by enrichment in sphingolipids and cholesterol, act to colocalize signalling molecules, and can be disrupted by incubation with methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MBC) which depletes cholesterol [61][62][63].…”

Novel Transmission Electron Microscopic Method to Quantify Protein Clustering on the Cell Surface

“…The lipid bilayer provides the membrane with fluidity and elasticity. Studying lipid rafts present on cell surface proteins can provide detailed information on their functionality, e.g., T‐cell signaling, treatment of viral infection, receptor‐mediated channel activity, and therapeutic targets for cancer (Bobkov & Semenova, 2022; Carletti et al., 2017; Codini et al., 2021; Gold & Reth, 2019; Li et al., 2022; Magee et al., 2002; Nagy et al., 2001).…”