Impact of maternal HIV infection on pregnancy outcomes in southwestern China – a hospital registry based study

Abstract

Globally, human immune deficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) continues to be a major public health issue. With improved survival, the number of people living with HIV/AIDS is increasing, with over 2 million among pregnant women. Investigating adverse pregnant outcomes of HIV-infected population and associated factors are of great importance to maternal and infant health. A cross-sectional data collected from hospital delivery records of 4397 mother–infant pairs in southwestern China were analysed. Adverse pregnant outcomes (including low birthweight/preterm delivery/low Apgar score) and maternal HIV status and other characteristics were measured. Two hundred thirteen (4.9%) mothers were HIV positive; maternal HIV infection, rural residence and pregnancy history were associated with all three indicators of adverse pregnancy outcomes. This research suggested that maternal population have high prevalence in HIV infection in this region. HIV-infected women had higher risks of experiencing adverse pregnancy outcomes. Rural residence predisposes adverse pregnancy outcomes. Findings of this study suggest social and medical support for maternal-infant care needed in this region, selectively towards rural areas and HIV-positive mothers.

Prevalence of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus and associated factors in pregnant women in the state of Pará

“…In a study conducted in Belém, PA, with pregnant women living with HIV in follow-up treatment at the Specialized Care Service of a University Hospital, the majority also (82.97%) came from the Metropolitan region, mainly from the capital Belém (25) . This result differs from a study conducted in southwest China (26) , in which 92% of pregnant women living with HIV came from rural areas hence, women in unfavorable economic and social conditions with more limited education were more affected than those living in urbanized areas.…”

Prevalência do Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana e fatores associados em gestantes no estado do Pará

“…Pesquisa realizada em Belém, PA, com gestantes HIV positivas acompanhadas pelo Serviço de Atendimento Especializado de um Hospital Universitário, também identificou que a maioria (82,97%) era procedente da Região Metropolitana, principalmente da capital Belém (25) . Esse resultado diverge de estudo realizado no sudoeste da China (26) , que identificou que 92% das gestantes HIV positivas eram procedentes da zona rural, afetando mulheres em condições econômicas e sociais desfavoráveis e com educação mais limitada do que as moradoras de áreas urbanizadas.…”

Impact of maternal HIV–HBV coinfection on pregnancy outcomes in an underdeveloped rural area of southwest China

“…First, the study area of Yi Autonomous Prefecture is adjacent to the ‘Drug Golden Triangle’. Rampant drug trade made drug abuse widespread in this region and sharing of cheap syringes for injecting drugs caused a widespread HIV endemic in this area 18. Second, sexual transmission is another important route for HIV infection.…”

“…PTD was defined as a birth at the gestational age of less than 37 weeks 17. Perinatal death, including stillbirth and neonatal death until 7 days after birth, refers to the death of a fetus or neonate, and the perinatal period commences at 22 completed weeks (154 days) of gestation, and ends seven completed days after birth 18. Pregnant women with a twin pregnancy or with a newborn of macrosomia were excluded when the outcome variable was LBW in logistic regression analysis.…”