Impact of meningococcal C conjugate vaccine use in Australia

Booy, Robert; Jelfs, Jane; Bashir, Haitham El; Nissen, Michael D.

doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.2007.tb00828.x

Cited by 27 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…However, there is also evidence that in the absence of vaccination disease incidence may fall as naturally acquired immunity rises [16,17] but this is not a rapid process [2,18]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serogroup C meningococci in Italy in the era of conjugate menC vaccination

et al. 2009

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BackgroundTo assess changes in the pattern of Invasive Meningococcal Disease (IMD) in Italy after the introduction of conjugate menC vaccine in the National Vaccine Plan 2005–2007 and to provide information for developing timely and appropriate public health interventions, analyses of microbiological features of isolates and clinical characteristics of patients have been carried out. In Italy, the number of serogroup C meningococci fell progressively following the introduction of the MenC conjugate vaccine, recommended by the Italian Ministry of Health but implemented according to different regional strategies.MethodsIMD cases from January 2005 through July 2008 reported to the National Meningococcal Surveillance System were considered for this study. Serogrouping and sero/subtyping were performed on 179 serogroup C strains received at the National Reference Laboratory of the Istituto Superiore di Sanità. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was possible for 157 isolates. MLST (Multilocus sequence typing), porA VRs (Variable Region) typing, PFGE (Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis), VNTR (Variable Number Tandem Repeats) analyses were performed on all C:2a and C:2b meningococci (n = 147), following standard procedures.ResultsIn 2005 and 2008, IMD showed an incidence of 0.5 and 0.3 per 100,000 inhabitants, respectively. While the incidence due to serogroup B remained stable, IMD incidence due to serogroup C has decreased since 2006. In particular, the decrease was significant among infants. C:2a and C:2b were the main serotypes, all C:2a strains belonged to ST-11 clonal complex and all C:2b to ST-8/A4. Clinical manifestations and outcome of infections underlined more severe disease caused by C:2a isolates. Two clusters due to C:2a/ST-11 meningococci were reported in the North of Italy in December 2007 and July 2008, respectively, with a high rate of septicaemia and fatal outcome.ConclusionPublic health surveillance of serogroup C invasive meningococcal disease and microbiological/molecular characterization of the isolates requires particular attention, since the hyper-invasive ST-11 predominantly affected adolescents and young adults for whom meningococcal vaccination was not recommended in the 2005–2007 National Vaccine Plan.

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“…However, there is also evidence that in the absence of vaccination disease incidence may fall as naturally acquired immunity rises [16,17] but this is not a rapid process [2,18]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serogroup C meningococci in Italy in the era of conjugate menC vaccination

et al. 2009

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“…6 However, unlike other countries, Brazil has implemented a vaccination strategy targeting only children under two years of age, but no mass vaccination of adolescents. 7 , 8 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meningococcal disease before and after the introduction of meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccine. Federal District, Brazil

Tauil

Carvalho

Vieira

et al. 2014

The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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“…3 Polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccines targeting meningococcal serogroup C have successfully controlled serogroup C disease in countries where their widespread use has been implemented. [4][5][6] Recent data from an interim analysis also suggest good effectiveness of a USA-licensed tetravalent serogroups A, C, W-135, and Y diphtheria toxoid conjugate vaccine (MenACWY-DT) against additional serogroups in the first few years post-vaccination. 7 Meningococcal serogroup C vaccines have been shown to induce a T-cell-dependant immune response that results in good immunogenicity in infants and induction of B memory cells with immune memory following later exposure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%