Impact of migrations on the demographic structures transformation in the Russian North, 1939–2019

Abstract

The paper considers socio-economic and demographic potentials of the Russian North, and makes the general description of its administrative-territorial composition, population size and density of population. The paper reveals the peculiar features of the Russian colonization of the northern and the Arctic territories and its difference from other countries experiences. Based on the proposed methodology, the analysis of population dynamics was performed, which showed the role of natural and migration growth. Assessment of the impact of migration resulting from socio-economic and political processes in the country on the transformation of the socio-demographic structures is made. The result of the study was that if the current demographic and migration dynamics continue in the coming years, the North and the Arctic will continue to lose its population, women will remain outnumbered and the dependency ratio will increase.

Refugees from Ukraine in Poland—Differentiation of spatial distribution and impact on demographic structures

“…Migration also reshapes demographic structures (cf. Beaujot, 2002;Fauzer et al, 2020). The selective nature of migration adds dynamics to ageing processes in outflow areas and causes inflow areas to 'rejuvenate' or rather slows down the pace of population ageing (Beaujot, 2002).…”

“…The spatial distribution of this inflow is not even, and, when investigated at a detailed spatial scale, reveals certain patterns, especially with regard to various existing structures, including demographic ones. Without doubt, immigration has radically changed the demographic profiles of societies, especially Western ones (Beaujot, 2002; Fauzer et al, 2020; Findlay & Wahba, 2013) which have been struggling with population ageing processes (Davoudi et al, 2010; Foster & Walker, 2013). Meanwhile, in addition to having been affected by rapid population ageing, the countries of Central and Eastern Europe have also seen depopulation processes, which have been most discernible at local and regional levels (Wiśniewski et al, 2021).…”

“Agglomeration of flows”: Case of migration ties between the Arctic and the southern regions of Russia

“…The topic of migrations between northern and southern regions of Russia has repeatedly attracted the attention of researchers (for reviews see: Vakhtin & Dudeck, 2020; Fauzer et al, 2020; Zamyatina et al, 2019; total statistical observe: Mkrtchjan, 2002). In Soviet times, the main emphasis was placed on studying the circumstances of resettlement to the northeastern regions of the country, as a rule, in connection with the solution of economic problems of the development of these territories.…”

“…Empirical studies of migration flow using the example of such a vast country like Russia (Andrienko & Guriev, 2006; Fauzer, Lytkina & Smirnov, 2020; Heleniak, 1999, 2009; Karachurina & Mkrtchyan, 2016, 2018, 2020; Karachurina, 2018, Kumo, 2007, Mkrtchjan, 2004; Vakulenko, 2013; Zajonchkovskaia, 1991, etc.) show that population of migrant‐receiving cities and distance between certainly play its role to a certain extent.…”