Impact of natural organic matter and divalent cations on the stability of aqueous nanoparticles

Zhang, Yang; Chen, Yongsheng; Westerhoff, Paul; Crittenden, John C.

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2009.06.005

Cited by 526 publications

(315 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…This is consistent with our findings that many metal oxides are less likely to aggregate in stormwater and freshwater given their high NOM content. However, with the exception of SiO 2 (Zhang et al 2009), most NPs will aggregate fairly rapidly in seawater. This is due to the high IS, which compresses the EDL, and low concentration of NOM, which does not provide sufficient electrostatic stabilization in seawater.…”

Section: Aggregation In Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is due to the high IS, which compresses the EDL, and low concentration of NOM, which does not provide sufficient electrostatic stabilization in seawater. Groundwater had the most variable results, with some ENMs aggregating rapidly, such as FeO/Fe 2 O 3 (Zhang et al 2008), coated nZVI Yin et al 2012), and ZnO (Zhang et al 2008;Zhou and Keller 2010), while others remained fairly stable over the long term, such as Au (Stankus et al 2010;Unrine et al 2010), C 60 Fortner et al 2005), FeOOH (Gilbert et al 2007), SiO 2 (Zhang et al 2008(Zhang et al , 2009, and SWCNTs (Bennett et al 2013). This likely is due as much to an individual ENM's characteristics as it is to the high variability in the IS of groundwater and difficulty categorizing water samples as groundwater equivalent.…”

Section: Aggregation In Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emerging patterns for engineered nanomaterials in the environment: a review of fate and toxicity studies

2014

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A comprehensive assessment of the environmental risks posed by engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) entering the environment is necessary, due in part to the recent predictions of ENM release quantities and because ENMs have been identified in waste leachate. The technical complexity of measuring ENM fate and transport processes in all environments necessitates identifying trends in ENM processes. Emerging information on the environmental fate and toxicity of many ENMs was collected to provide a better understanding of their environmental implications. Little research has been conducted on the fate of ENMs in the atmosphere; however, most studies indicate that ENMs will in general have limited transport in the atmosphere due to rapid settling. Studies of ENM fate in realistic aquatic media indicates that in general, ENMs are more stable in freshwater and stormwater than in seawater or groundwater, suggesting that transport may be higher in freshwater than in seawater. ENMs in saline waters generally sediment out over the course of hours to days, leading to likely accumulation in sediments. Dissolution is significant for specific ENMs (e.g., Ag, ZnO, copper ENMs, nano zero-valent iron), which can result in their transformation from nanoparticles to ions, but the metal ions pose their own toxicity concerns. In soil, the fate of ENMs is strongly dependent on the size of the ENM aggregates, groundwater chemistry, as well as the pore size and soil particle size. Most groundwater studies have focused on unfavorable deposition conditions, but that is unlikely to be the case in many natural groundwaters with significant ionic strength due to hardness or salinity. While much still needs to be better understood, emerging patterns with regards to ENM fate, transport, and exposure combined with emerging information on toxicity indicate that risk is low for most ENMs, though current exposure estimates compared with current data on toxicity indicates that at current production and release levels, exposure to Ag, nZVI, and ZnO may cause toxicity to freshwater and marine species.

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Section: Aggregation In Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Aggregation In Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging patterns for engineered nanomaterials in the environment: a review of fate and toxicity studies

2014

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“…NaCl solution (pH ¼ 6.8) were all analyzed on a Zetasizer nano ZS instrument (Malvern Instruments, UK) with the results summarized in Table 1 and more detailed characterization reported previously (Li et al, 2012b;Zhang et al, 2009Zhang et al, , 2008.…”

Section: Bacteriophagementioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption of MS2 on oxide nanoparticles affects chlorine disinfection and solar inactivation

Zhang

2015

Water Research

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“…It was demonstrated that the aggregation of TiO 2 NPs is dependent on the presence and copresence of NOM (0.2-41.1 mg/L DOC), the pH of the solution, as well as other properties, such as the IS of the solution and the presence of relevant monovalent and divalent ions (Ottofuelling et al, 2011). Zhang et al tested the stability of TiO 2 at various DOC concentrations (1-10 mg/L NOM, equivalent to 0.406-4.06 mg/L DOC) and observed the stability in the presence of 0.4 mg/L DOC (Zhang et al, 2009). However, it is not clear if a very low concentration of NOM (e.g., b 0.2 mg/L DOC) has the same effect on the stability of TiO 2 NPs; a low concentration of DOC is possible in some industrial wastewater.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of humic acid on the aggregation of titanium dioxide nanoparticles under different pH and ionic strengths

Zhu

Wang

Keller

et al. 2014

Science of The Total Environment

196

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Impact of natural organic matter and divalent cations on the stability of aqueous nanoparticles

Cited by 526 publications

References 27 publications

Emerging patterns for engineered nanomaterials in the environment: a review of fate and toxicity studies

Emerging patterns for engineered nanomaterials in the environment: a review of fate and toxicity studies

Adsorption of MS2 on oxide nanoparticles affects chlorine disinfection and solar inactivation

The effect of humic acid on the aggregation of titanium dioxide nanoparticles under different pH and ionic strengths

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