Impact of obstetric history on the risk of spontaneous preterm birth in singleton and multiple pregnancies: a systematic review

Kazemier, Brenda M.; Buijs, P.E.; Mignini, Luciano; Limpens, Jacqueline; Groot, Christianne de; Mol, B.W.J.

doi:10.1111/1471-0528.12896

Cited by 97 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…However, the causal links are generally unclear [9], and strategies to identify and treat them have not been effective [10], as more than half of the cases occur without apparent risk factors [11]. Prior spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) is one of the strongest predictors of recurrence [12], and short cervical length (CL), defined as a CL <25 mm [13], has consistently been shown to be a predictor of sPTB [9, 14]. Therefore, these groups have become the target for most interventions and preventive strategies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Follow-Up of Asymptomatic High-Risk Patients with Normal Cervical Length to Predict Recurrence of Preterm Birth

et al. 2017

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Background: A midtrimester cervical length (CL) <25 mm is associated with spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB). However, as CL ≥25 mm is not enough to exclude recurrence in high-risk patients, follow-up CL measurement later in pregnancy has been proposed. Objectives: To evaluate whether CL measurement at 26±1 weeks in asymptomatic high-risk patients improves the prediction of sPTB recurrence. Methods: A retrospective cohort of high-risk women because of previous sPTB was analyzed. Patients with a CL ≥25 mm at 20±1 weeks and subsequent CL measurement at 26±1 weeks were included. The exclusion criteria were incomplete follow-up, any treatment before CL assessments, and medically indicated preterm birth. The association and predictive performance of CL at 26±1 weeks for sPTB was studied. Results: Of 131 patients with a CL measurement at 26±1 weeks, 19 and 4.6% presented sPTB before 37 and 34 weeks, respectively. The rate of sPTB before 37 weeks was higher in women with a CL <25 mm (37.5 vs. 16.5%, RR 2.3 [1.07–4.8], p = 0.045), although the detection rate of CL at 26±1 weeks to predict sPTB before 37 weeks was 24% (95% CI 10–46%). The performance did not improve regardless of the selected cutoff. Conclusions: In asymptomatic high-risk patients, CL <25 mm at 26±1 weeks is associated with higher risk of sPTB. However, the prediction of recurrence by CL was low and did not improve, regardless of the selected cutoff.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Follow-Up of Asymptomatic High-Risk Patients with Normal Cervical Length to Predict Recurrence of Preterm Birth

et al. 2017

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“…If the pregnancy interval is less than 6 months, there is almost a twofold increased risk of preterm birth [ 46 ]. For women who have had a previous preterm birth, they have a recurrence risk of 20 %; women pregnant with twins after a previous preterm singleton birth have a recurrence risk of 57 % [ 47 ]. A history of surgical treatment for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) may also be associated with an increased risk of preterm birth.…”

Section: Maternal Risk Factors For Spontaneous Preterm Labor and Pprommentioning

confidence: 99%

Prematurity

Kent¹

2015

Keeling’s Fetal and Neonatal Pathology

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Preterm birth is defi ned as delivery less than 37 weeks' gestational age. The rate of preterm birth varies around the world and differs between developed and developing countries. It is 12-13 % in the United States of America (USA), 5-9 % in Europe, 9 % in Australia, and as high as 18 % in some countries in Africa. In developed countries the increased rate of preterm birth has been attributed to the changing demographics of childbearing. The mean age of childbearing has increased over the years with the average age of primiparous women in Australia now 28.3 years of age and the percentage of fi rst-time mothers over 35 years of age in the USA now 4 %. Delayed childbearing is associated with a number of risk factors including preeclampsia and gestational diabetes. Infertility with the resultant use of in vitro fertilization methods and consequent twins/triplets are also signifi cant issues. Another major risk factor for preterm birth is maternal obesity, which is increasing in both developed and developing countries. Complications of maternal obesity include maternal and fetal death, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, and congenital abnormalities. Preterm BirthPreterm birth is defi ned as delivery less than 37 weeks' gestational age. The rate of preterm birth varies around the world and differs between developed and developing countries. It is 12-13 % in the USA, 5-9 % in Europe, 9 % in Australia, and as high as 18 % in some countries in Africa [ 1 -3 ]. In 2010 more than 60 % of preterm births occurred in south Asia and sub-Saharan Africa [ 2 ]. In developed countries the increased rate of preterm birth has been attributed to the changing demographics of childbearing. The mean age of childbearing has increased over the years with the average age of primiparous women in Australia now 28.3 years of age [ 3 ] and the percentage of fi rsttime mothers over 35 years of age in the USA now 4 % [ 4 ]. Delayed childbearing is associated with a number of risk factors including preeclampsia and gestational diabetes. Infertility

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“…Although our search did not show any reviews about history of preterm birth as an individual risk indicator, there is consensus about the impact of a history of preterm birth, with a doubled risk of renewed preterm birth after an earlier preterm birth [16]. Women with early spontaneous preterm births (i.e., <32 weeks) are far more likely to have recurrent spontaneous preterm births, indicating a dose-response effect (OR: 3.6; 95% CI: 3.2-4.0) [17][18][19]. The frequency of pregnancies complicated by PROM is 2-3.5%, but account for 30-40% of preterm deliveries and therefore a leading clinically identifiable cause of preterm birth [6].…”

Section: Fetal Number and Chorionicitymentioning

confidence: 99%