Impact of ocean-atmosphere coupling on present and future Köppen-Geiger climate classification in Europe

Falquina, R.; Vara, Alba de la; Cabos, William; Sein, Dmitry V.; Gallardo, Clemente

doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2022.106223

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…The vineyard was not irrigated. The climate was semi-arid according to Köppen-Geiger classification ( Falquina et al., 2022 ) and the soil presented a prevalent clay texture. The vines were trellised in a vertical shoot-positioned system and, cane-pruned (Guyot system: 8 and 2 buds per cane and spur, respectively).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of artificial canopy shading on vegetative growth and ripening processes of cv. Nero d’Avola (Vitis vinifera L.)

Miccichè,

de Rosas,

Ferro

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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IntroductionThe biology of the grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is clearly influenced by the climatic conditions of the growing environment, where temperature and light play a major role in modifying plant physiology. In the scenario of climatic changes, radiative excess, correlated to the increase in temperature, can concretely subject the photosynthetic apparatus to a condition of light saturation and cause a drastic reduction in photochemical efficiency, giving rise to chronic photoinhibition phenomena. Undoubtedly, the ripening behavior also undergo evident alterations; the problem of sugar ripening, which is often strongly accelerated, is induced not only by high temperatures but also by the excess concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2), which results in a higher ripening. In addition, high berry temperatures favor a reduction in the concentration of organic acids. The reported trends indicate that the need for urgent action is closely linked to the future environmental impacts that these changes could have on the entire wine sector. In recent years, shade treatments have been applied to the vine canopy to overcome this issue.MethodsThe objective of this study was to determine how artificial canopy shading affects the vines vegetative growth and the ripening processes of Vitis vinifera cv. Nero d’Avola during the 2019-2020 vegetative seasons. Three treatments were established: shading treatment with a green net (shade factor 27%), shading treatment with a white net (shade factor 32%), and untreated vines, thus naturally exposed to light radiation.Results and discussionArtificial shading, applied at full fruit set, interfered with the microclimate of the vines, causing partial effects on the grape ripening processes. At harvest, significant differences were found between the treatments in terms of sugars, also shading treatments increased must acidity and decrease pH. Results obtained on vegetative parameters, suggest that the shading treatment delays leaf fall, with potentially positive effects on the starch accumulation on perennial reserve organs to be exploited at the following season’s sprouting. Shading significantly reduced berry size, with obvious consequences on bunch weight and yield per vine. In 2020, shaded plants showed a delay in all the phenological phases. The total anthocyanins content was not changed by the shading treatment. The results obtained confirm the importance of net coverage on the microclimate of the vines, vegetative-productive activity, and grapes quality. From this point of view, the net covering technique can be a tool for controlling grapes ripening dynamics in the context of climate change.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of artificial canopy shading on vegetative growth and ripening processes of cv. Nero d’Avola (Vitis vinifera L.)

Miccichè,

de Rosas,

Ferro

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…Located in the northern hemisphere of Northwestern (NW) Portugal, the study area has a temperate climate with dry and mild summers (Csb type, according to the Köppen and Geiger classification of climate systems) [37]. Characterized by the presence of discontinuous patches of E. crassipes, which throughout the summer (June to August) and autumn (September to November) have strong impact on riverine ecology and human activities, the study area extends from the Caniçada dam (41 • 39 N, 8 • 14 W) to the mouth of the Cávado River, covering a total of 60 km and an area of 548 ha (Figure 2).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Sentinel-2 Time Series and Classifier Fusion to Map an Aquatic Invasive Plant Species along a River—The Case of Water-Hyacinth

et al. 2023

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Freshwater ecosystems host high levels of biodiversity but are also highly vulnerable to biological invasions. Aquatic Invasive Alien Plant Species (aIAPS) can cause detrimental effects on freshwater ecosystems and their services to society, raising challenges to decision-makers regarding their correct management. Spatially and temporally explicit information on the occurrence of aIAPS in dynamic freshwater systems is essential to implement efficient regional and local action plans. The use of unmanned aerial vehicle imagery synchronized with free Sentinel-2 multispectral data allied with classifier fusion techniques may support more efficient monitoring actions for non-stationary aIAPS. Here, we explore the advantages of such a novel approach for mapping the invasive water-hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) in the Cávado River (northern Portugal). Invaded and non-invaded areas were used to explore the evolution of spectral attributes of Eichhornia crassipes through a time series (processed by a super-resolution algorithm) that covers March 2021 to February 2022 and to build an occurrence dataset (presence or absence). Analysis of the spectral behavior throughout the year allowed the detection of spectral regions with greater capacity to distinguish the target plant from the surrounding environment. Classifier fusion techniques were implemented in the biomod2 predictive modelling package and fed with selected spectral regions to firstly extract a spectral signature from the synchronized day and secondly to identify pixels with similar reflectance values over time. Predictions from statistical and machine-learning algorithms were ensembled to map invaded spaces across the whole study area during all seasons with classifications attaining high accuracy values (True Skill Statistic, TSS: 0.932; Area Under the Receiver Operating Curve, ROC: 0.992; Kappa: 0.826). Our results provide evidence of the potential of our approach to mapping plant invaders in dynamic freshwater systems over time, applicable in the assessment of the success of control actions as well as in the implementation of long-term strategic monitoring.

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Climate classification systems for validating Earth System Models

Navarro,

Tapiador

2024

Environ. Res.: Climate

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Climate Classification Systems (CCSs) were developed in the 19th century to explain the global distribution of plants and animals, but were given a new life in the Earth physics community in the 21st century as a means to validate Earth System Models (ESMs). The purpose of this paper is to critically review the evolution of this approach to validation and to discuss the current status. It is shown that CCSs can not only measure model performance, but also help identify and deconstruct systematic model biases. CCSs provide a rational and comprehensive zonation of the global environment using quantitative estimates of physical variables such as precipitation, temperature, and humidity. They offer several advantages over single variables due to the high sensitivity of the resulting classes to small changes in input variables and dimensionality reduction. CCSs encompass model behavior on both energy and water balances, allowing for a more comprehensive assessment of ESM performance.

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Impact of ocean-atmosphere coupling on present and future Köppen-Geiger climate classification in Europe

Cited by 3 publications

References 90 publications

Effects of artificial canopy shading on vegetative growth and ripening processes of cv. Nero d’Avola (Vitis vinifera L.)

Effects of artificial canopy shading on vegetative growth and ripening processes of cv. Nero d’Avola (Vitis vinifera L.)

Sentinel-2 Time Series and Classifier Fusion to Map an Aquatic Invasive Plant Species along a River—The Case of Water-Hyacinth

Climate classification systems for validating Earth System Models

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