Impact of Ozone on the Growth and Yield of Trees: A Review

Pye, John M.

doi:10.2134/jeq1988.00472425001700030003x

Cited by 249 publications

(143 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…This means the capacity of tolerance such as biochemical detoxification or repair may be similar between poplar and European beech/birch. It is somewhat inconsistent with the previous observations reported that fast-growing tree species, such as most poplar clones and hybrids, are more sensitive and responsive to tropospheric O 3 than slower-growing species, such as beech (Bortier et al, 2000;Novak et al, 2003Novak et al, , 2005, because poplar has a relatively high stomatal conductance and thus high O 3 uptake (Pye, 1988;Zona et al, 2014). The comparisons of flux-and concentration-based critical levels between poplar examined in the present study and beech/birch in Europe may also suggest that the same AOT 40 -based critical level cannot be applied for the tree species even with the similar sensitivity to O 3 .…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 91%

“…Ozone affects tree health through stomatal uptake, causing visible foliar injury, accelerated leaf senescence, reduced photosynthesis, and impaired stomatal function (Feng et al, 2014;Zhang et al, 2011Zhang et al, , 2014b. The increasing ozone concentration contributes to a decline in forestry productivity linked to economic losses (Felzer et al, 2007;Percy and Karnosky, 2007;Pye, 1988). A variety of detrimental changes at the biochemical, physiological and molecular levels have been demonstrated in conifers and deciduous trees (Koch et al, 1998;Kopper and Lindroth, 2003;Richet et al, 2011Richet et al, , 2012Zhang et al, 2014a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Concentration- and flux-based ozone dose–response relationships for five poplar clones grown in North China

Dearn

Gao

Yue

et al. 2015

Environmental Pollution

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a b s t r a c tConcentration-and flux-based O 3 doseeresponse relationships were developed for poplars in China. Stomatal conductance (g s ) of five poplar clones was measured to parameterize a Jarvis-type multiplicative g s model. The maximum g s and other model parameters varied between clones. The strongest relationship between stomatal O 3 flux and total biomass was obtained when phytotoxic ozone dose (POD) was integrated using an uptake rate threshold of 7 nmol m À2 s À1 . The R 2 value was similar between flux-based and concentration-based doseeresponse relationships. Ozone concentrations above 28 e36 nmol mol À1 contributed to reducing the biomass production of poplar. Critical levels of AOT 40 (accumulated O 3 exposure over 40 nmol mol À1 ) and POD 7 in relation to 5% reduction in total biomass for poplar were 12 mmol mol À1 h and 3.8 mmol m À2 , respectively.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentration- and flux-based ozone dose–response relationships for five poplar clones grown in North China

Dearn

Gao

Yue

et al. 2015

Environmental Pollution

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“…Wang ef a/., 1986;Pye, 1988 ;Mortensen & Skre, 1990;. Matyssek et al (1992) have previously reported advanced discoloration of birch leaves with increasing ozone concentration by the end of the growing season in field fumigation chambers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…results of such studies in the context of the ambient Kress & Skelly, 1982;Tingey & Taylor, 1982; Wang forest environment is not well understood ei a/., 1986 ; Berrang, Karnosky & Bennet, 1991). As (Chappelka & Chevone, 1986; Wang, Karnosky & micropropagated clones of white birch are used in Bormann, 1986;Pye, 1988;Kickert & Krupa, 1990). practical forestry, the ozone responses of some clones Average ambient ozone concentrations have in-were studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and stomatal responses of birch (Betula pendula Roth.) clones to ozone in open‐air and chamber fumigations

et al. 1993

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SUMMARYIt is evident that even outside the classical high ozone areas some plant species are at risk. In this study seedlings of five birch clones {Betula pendula Roth.) were exposed to a slightly elevated ozone level in an open-field experiment over two growing seasons. The ozone doses were 1-2 x (1991) and 1-5 x (1992) higher than the ambient. The clones were also fumigated with 150 nl 1 ' ozone for 24 d (12 h d"^) in a chamber experiment. They were found to differ in their susceptibility to ozone: ozone fumigation decreased the height growth and leaf biomass, and increased the amount of advanced visible injury in leaves of the most sensitive clone, but did not affect the height growth or amount of visible injury of the most tolerant clone. The other three clones were intermediate with respect to their sensitivity to ozone. In all clones, elevated O., concentrations increased diffusive resistance to water vapour but increased the stomatal density in the emerging leaves. The appearance of autumn colouririg was accelerated in the field experiments. The results support the conclusion that birch populations in Finland can be negatively affected by ozone. The effect is most likely in sensitive birch individuals during ozone episodes.

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“…Although a biomass harvest at the end of an experiment might reflect the integrated growth of the plant throughout the period of the study, which in some cases might extend to only a few weeks and rarely encompass one or more growing seasons, nevertheless information about the effects of ozone exposure is often only obtained from this single time interval (Pye, 1988).…”

Section: Pw Lucas and P J Digglementioning

confidence: 99%

The use of longitudinal data analysis to study the multi‐seasonal growth responses of Norway and Sitka spruce to summer exposure to ozone: implications for the determination of critical levels

Lucas

Diggle

1997

New Phytologist

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SUMMARYA common feature of many pollutant exposure studies is that data from these experiments often consist of either plant biomass or yield, and the response to the pollutant is usually based on a simple comparison of means determined at the end of each growing season. This type of data is now being used to quantify critical levels for different types of vegetation. Such an approach is, however, inappropriate for the relatively short-term exposure studies with trees since, due to their longevity, it is not possible to determine a final yield, instead these studies should be regarded as a type of intervention experiment in which only a small part of the life cycle of the tree is investigated. Moreover, critical le\'els as they are now defined focus on the cumulative exposure to ozone concentrations over time. Hence, any analysis of the efFects of ozone on the growth of trees should similarly focus on the behaviour of growth functions over time and not on a comparison of biomass at the end of a growing season or experiment.Here we report on the statistical analysis of a longitudinal study, where the term 'longitudinal' refers to the analysis of repeated measurements over time, and which was used to investigate relative differences in the growth of Sitka spruce and Norway spruce seedlings during three summers' exposure to ozone over three (Norway) or four (Sitka) growing seasons. Measurements of total seedling height and stem diameter were made at frequent intervals over the period of the experiment and the above-ground growth of individual trees (as log iPh) analysed for each growing season using a statistical model of the form: ni{t) = a + b{t-t^). No statistically significant differences in the growth of Norway spruce were obsen-ed after three summers of ozone exposure. The growth of Sitka spruce was, however, reduced by ozone during the third growing season and in the following year, even in the absence of the pollutant.For the Sitka spruce, the fitted model was used to calculate the time at which a lO^'c reduction in growth had occurred in the ozone-exposed trees. In combination with ozone AOT40 indices for the relevant growing seasons, this was then used to determine a critical level of 21'3 ppm-h for this species. Since the growth of the Norway spruce was unaffected by exposure to ozone it was not possible to calculate a critical level other than to surmise that it is in excess of 30 ppm-h.

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Impact of Ozone on the Growth and Yield of Trees: A Review

Cited by 249 publications

References 56 publications

Concentration- and flux-based ozone dose–response relationships for five poplar clones grown in North China

Concentration- and flux-based ozone dose–response relationships for five poplar clones grown in North China

Growth and stomatal responses of birch (Betula pendula Roth.) clones to ozone in open‐air and chamber fumigations

The use of longitudinal data analysis to study the multi‐seasonal growth responses of Norway and Sitka spruce to summer exposure to ozone: implications for the determination of critical levels

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