Impact of posttraumatic stress disorder on sinonasal symptoms and quality of life in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis

Abstract

BackgroundSeverity of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), measured by disease-specific health-related quality-of-life questionnaires, is expected to increase in patients who also suffer from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Altered pain perception, sleep disorders, and fatigue may be associated with this comorbidity.MethodsSeverity of CRS was compared between a group of 28 patients with CRS and a group of 28 patients with CRS and concomitant PTSD using different disease-specific and generic instruments, such as visual analog scale (VAS), Short Form-36 test (SF-36), and Sino-Nasal Outcome Test-22 (SNOT 22).ResultsSNOT-22 test showed significantly higher CRS severity in patients with CRS and PTSD, compared to patients with CRS without PTSD.ConclusionPatients with less severe CRS, measured by objective outcome measures, due to the impact of comorbid PTSP, are classified as having severe rhinosinusitis, and are exposed to the risk of unnecessary diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. In patients with difficult-to-treat rhinosinusitis, diagnosis should be revised, and one item that should be evaluated is whether they suffer from PTSD.

Why Does General QoL Tend to Worsen Over Time Following Septoplasty Even in the Absence of Worsening Nasal Symptoms?

“…Results of SF-36 were expressed as percentages and the higher the result, the better the patient’s general health [ 8 ].…”

The Correlation Between SNOT-22 and Visual Analogue Scale in the Assessment of Symptom Severity in Chronic Rhinosinusitis

“…Compared with general instruments they are able to capture symptoms in greater detail and are more sensitive in detecting changes after therapeutic intervention [13]. The severity of CRS symptoms often called a symptom score are measured using a disease specific health-related quality of life questionnaire [14][15][16].…”