Impact of precipitation and human activities on suspended sediment transport load in the Velika Morava River Basin (Serbia)

Abstract

Sediment transport time series have shown a severe change in the suspended sediment load transported by the Velika Morava River (Republic of Serbia) during the last few decades. The research objectives of this study were to determine the suspended sediment trends, and to assess the impact of variations in precipitation and human activities on the suspended sediment load. The causes and timing of this severe decrease were analyzed, and the results show that there has been a significant sudden shift downwards for the suspended sediment load (p < 0.0001) during the research period. The change points for sediment load were very similar and the transition years all ranged between 1982 and 1984. The combined effects of precipitation and human activities are responsible for the decrease in the suspended sediment load, with human activity being the most active factor in the sediment regime changes. The contribution rate for human activities amounts to 87.7-91.9%, while precipitation explains 8.1-12.3% of the reduction in the suspended sediment load. The processes of deagrarization and depopulation had an influence on the sediment load decrease in the study area. The results of the spatial autocorrelation analysis of rural settlements showed that the reduction in sediment was due to the process of depopulation and the large reduction in the amount of arable land in rural areas and settlements. The changes in sediment regimes were also influenced by soil and water conservation programmes.

The Impact of Depopulation on Reduction of the Peaks of Torrential Floods in Selected Watersheds of the Southeastern Serbia

“…The second factor of land use changes is also high index of the population aging. Later, Manojlović et al (2021Manojlović et al ( , 2022 demonstrated similar results in research for the Južna Morava river basin (A = 15,469 km 2 , comprising the Nišava watreshed) and for the Velika Morava river basin encompassing the Južna Morava river basin (A = 37,561 km 2 ). In both studies, it is shown that the decrease of rural population and areas of agricultural and arable land were directly related to the decline of suspended sediment.…”

“…This research is an extension of the study of Manojlović et al 2022. The Figure 1 refers to the spatial presentation of depopulation/population growth and deagrarization/agrarization growth in the Velika Morava river basin (which is 42.5% of the territory of the Republic of Serbia) located in the Central Serbia.…”

The Impact of Depopulation on Reduction of the Peaks of Torrential Floods in Selected Watersheds of the Southeastern Serbia

“…The second factor of land use changes is also high index of the population aging. Later, Manojlović et al [4,5] demonstrated similar results in research for the Južna Morava river basin (A = 15,469 km 2 , comprising the Nišava watreshed) and for the Velika Morava river basin encompassing the Južna Morava river basin (A = 37,561 km 2 ). In both studies, it is shown that the decrease of rural population and areas of agricultural and arable land were directly related to the decline of suspended sediment.…”

“…This research is an extension of the study of Manojlović et al [5]. The Figure 1 refers to the spatial presentation of depopulation/population growth and deagrarization/agrarization growth in the Velika Morava river basin (which is 42.5% of the territory of the Republic of Serbia) located in the Central Serbia.…”