Impact of Preoperative Ultrasonographic Evaluation for Detection of a Viable Testis in Patients With a Unilateral Nonpalpable Testis

Moriya, Kyoji; Nakamura, Michiko; Nishimura, Yoko; Nishida, Mutsumi; Kudo, Yusuke; Kanno, Yukiko; Kitta, Takeya; Kon, Masafumi; Shinohara, Nobuo

doi:10.1002/jum.14509

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…However, we did not include the locations of remnants in surgical records because procedures, such as the surgical approach and incision dissection, may have altered the initial location (13, 21). Contralateral testicular hypertrophy (CTH) is a useful preoperative predictor of monorchidism (1,11,17,22). A Overview of our approach and the surgical findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Contralateral testicular hypertrophy (CTH) is a useful preoperative predictor of monorchidism ( 1 , 11 , 17 , 22 ). A prospective study by Braga et al ( 7 ) using calipers to measure the testis indicated that a contralateral testicular cutoff length of 1.9–2 cm had the best accuracy in predicting monorchidism in boys aged 11–30 months.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A prospective study by Braga et al ( 7 ) using calipers to measure the testis indicated that a contralateral testicular cutoff length of 1.9–2 cm had the best accuracy in predicting monorchidism in boys aged 11–30 months. However, ultrasound may achieve better precision than the orchidometer because it excludes interference from the epididymis, scrotal skin, and surrounding soft tissues ( 22 ). Furthermore, in our experience, boys with monorchidism in China have a shorter diameter of the testis, possibly due to the differences in geographic location, genetic susceptibility, environmental factors, and ethnicity ( 23 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Testicular regression syndrome: A retrospective analysis of clinical and histopathological features in 570 cases

Wen²,

Zhao³

et al. 2022

Front. Pediatr.

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This study aimed to analyze the clinical features and pathological findings of the largest reported case series of testicular regression syndrome (TRS). Data, including age, affected side, color Doppler ultrasound results, surgical methods, intraoperative conditions, and pathological examinations, of children with unilateral TRS who were treated in our center from December 2012 to November 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. A total of 570 patients were included in this study. The mean age at surgery was 38 (range, 5–193) months. There were 457 cases (80.2%) of left TRS. Preoperative color Doppler ultrasonography found nubbins in 172 cases (30.2%). The long diameter of the contralateral testis was 17.11 (±4.22) mm, and the volume was 0.81 (±1.15) ml. The long diameter was ≥1.6 cm in 62.0% of the patients (240/387) aged ≤3 years. Laparoscopy was performed as the initial surgical step in 513 cases, of which 96.7% of the children had closed internal rings. One or more lesions of fibrosis, hemosiderin, and calcification were found in 92.4% (474/513) of the excised remnants. Germ cells were present in 16 cases (3.1%). In conclusion, TRS is more common on the left side and is usually accompanied by a closed internal ring and compensatory hypertrophy of the contralateral testis. Germ cells are only present in cases where the spermatic vessels enters the internal ring. We recommend that further exploration and excision of the remnants may not be applicable in cases where only the vas deferens has entered the internal ring.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Testicular regression syndrome: A retrospective analysis of clinical and histopathological features in 570 cases

Wen²,

Zhao³

et al. 2022

Front. Pediatr.

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“…Detection of levels in the serum of hormones such as follicle-stimulating hormone and testosterone is of limited clinical value due to the compensation of the contralateral testis. The preferred imaging method is ultrasound (US), which can be used to directly observe the structure and location of cryptorchidism, detect mobility in real time, and also visualize surrounding tissues such as the processus vaginalis, spermatic cord, and inferior epigastric artery [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three‑Dimensional Ultrasonography in Preoperative and Postoperative Volume Assessment of the Undescended Testicle

You

Zhuang

et al. 2020

Med Sci Monit

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Background Ultrasound (US) is the preferred imaging method for cryptorchidism, but most guidelines indicate that its value is questionable. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical value of ultrasonic mobility and testicular atrophy index (TAI) based on three-dimensional US (3DUS) in preoperative and postoperative assessment of the undescended testis. Material/Methods Data from 158 children with unilateral extraperitoneal cryptorchidism were collected and their diagnoses were surgically confirmed. They were divided into different age groups and into 2 ultrasonic mobility groups: the mobile group (MG) and the restricted group (RG). Differences in sonographic characteristics between different groups were compared. Three-dimensional ultrasound performed with virtual organ computer-aided analysis (VOCAL) was used to determined preoperative and postoperative TAI and the reliability of TAI was analyzed. Results Measurement of testicular volume with the VOCAL method was significantly more reliable than that done with the two-dimensional Lambert method. In all age groups, preoperative testicular volumes were smaller than that in the contralateral scrotal testis and postoperatively, they increased steadily. Both preoperative and postoperative TAI were higher in the RG than in the MG. In the MG, postoperative TAI decreased significantly in all age groups. In the RG, in contrast, effective volume growth was only achieved in patients who had undergone surgery before they reached age 1 year. Conclusions TAI values determined with 3DUS using the VOCAL technique objectively reflect recovery of testicular volume following surgery for undescended testicle. Ultrasonic mobility evaluation is beneficial for clinical management of the condition.

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Testicular hypertrophy as predictor of contralateral nonpalpable testis among Chinese boys: An 18-year retrospective study

Zhou

et al. 2020

Archives de Pédiatrie

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Impact of Preoperative Ultrasonographic Evaluation for Detection of a Viable Testis in Patients With a Unilateral Nonpalpable Testis

Abstract: Preoperative US provides valuable information for predicting the presence of a viable testis in patients with a unilateral nonpalpable testis by estimating both the unaffected testis and the affected side.

Cited by 6 publications

References 27 publications

Testicular regression syndrome: A retrospective analysis of clinical and histopathological features in 570 cases

Testicular regression syndrome: A retrospective analysis of clinical and histopathological features in 570 cases

Three‑Dimensional Ultrasonography in Preoperative and Postoperative Volume Assessment of the Undescended Testicle

Testicular hypertrophy as predictor of contralateral nonpalpable testis among Chinese boys: An 18-year retrospective study

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