Impact of processing method on selected trace elements content of green tea: Does CTC green tea infusion possess risk towards human health?

Deka, Himangshu; Barman, T.S.; Sarmah, Podma Pollov; Devi, Arundhuti; Tamuly, Pradip; Karak, Tanmoy

doi:10.1016/j.fochx.2021.100173

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In the case of Zn, the highest concentration of this element was determined in the DS34 product (4465 µg/g). In contrast, the other dietary supplements analysed were characterised by a lower Zn content (<LOD-31.5 µg/g) and similar to the results determined in green tea obtained by Deka et al (20.2–38.0 µg/g) [ 60 ]. The highest Cu content (30.71 ± 0.64 µg/g) was determined in DS14 and was higher than the results obtained by Deka et al (12.6–22.7 µg/g) [ 60 ].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

“…In contrast, the other dietary supplements analysed were characterised by a lower Zn content (<LOD-31.5 µg/g) and similar to the results determined in green tea obtained by Deka et al (20.2–38.0 µg/g) [ 60 ]. The highest Cu content (30.71 ± 0.64 µg/g) was determined in DS14 and was higher than the results obtained by Deka et al (12.6–22.7 µg/g) [ 60 ]. Due to the presence of declaration concerning Cr content in the eight products analysed ( Table 4 ), these supplements constituted a good source of this element except for DS28.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

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Assessment of the Mineral Composition and the Selected Physicochemical Parameters of Dietary Supplements Containing Green Tea Extracts

Ośko

Szewczyk

Berk

et al. 2022

Foods

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Our aim was to assess the mineral composition as well as the physicochemical quality of green tea-based dietary supplements (capsules and tablets) with respect to average weight, size and shape, friability, breaking force and disintegration time. Products were analysed by flame atomic absorption spectrometry for Ca, K, Mg, Na, Cr, Cu, Fe, Zn, Mn, Pb and Cd. Approximately 60% of the analysed supplements met the requirements of European and Polish regulations. The dietary supplements passed weight variation tests, but not all products had compliant capsule sizes. One product in tablet form failed the friability test, and eleven dietary supplements in tablet form failed the disintegration test. The supplements were characterised by a varied elemental composition, with the highest values found for Ca, Fe, Zn and Mn. The recommended daily allowance realisation for Fe and Zn in two dietary supplements (capsule form) exceeded 100%. As a result of the estimation of the monthly intake of toxic metals, it was concluded that the tested products do not pose a risk to consumer health. Significant relationships (p < 0.001) were found for K, Mg, Na, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn. The application of factor and cluster analyses allowed the verification of the similarity of green tea extracts contained in dietary supplements to the natural raw material, green tea leaves, used as a reference material.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Assessment of the Mineral Composition and the Selected Physicochemical Parameters of Dietary Supplements Containing Green Tea Extracts

Ośko

Szewczyk

Berk

et al. 2022

Foods

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“…The level of copper was estimated in the range of 11.7-18.6 µg/g green tea and Koch et al [2018] analysed green teas originating from different countries (China, India, Japan, Kenia, and Sri Lanka) and reported contents of 15.4-33.6 mg/100 g for Fe, 3.11-4.07 mg/100 g for Zn, 1.34--2.03 mg/100 g for Cu, 39.0-126.0 mg/100 g for Mn, and 0.10-0.16 mg/100 g for Cr. However, other values were also noted in the literature, e.g., a lower level of Fe (54.14--99.65 mg/kg) and a greater variation in the content of Cr (1.26-10.48 mg/kg) in green teas of different Indian cultivars [Deka et al, 2021]. Barone et al [2016] determined a lower copper content (1.58-4.89 µg/g dry weight) and similar as in our study iron, chromium and zinc contents in green teas commercially available in Italy.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 59%

Iron, Zinc, Copper, Manganese and Chromium in Green Teas, Their Transfer to Extracts and Correlations between Contents of Elements and Bioactive Compounds

Herman¹,

Janiak²,

Sadlik³

et al. 2022

Pol. J. Food Nutr. Sci.

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Green tea is used worldwide in the preparation of beverages, but also its extracts rich in bioactive compounds, especially flavan-3-ols, are of increasing interest. In addition to bioactive molecules, green tea represents a source of dietary elements. However, knowledge about their content in extracts is limited. The aim of our research was to determine the extent of transfer of selected elements, i.e., iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), and chromium (Cr), from green teas to their extracts and to investigate whether the main bioactive compounds of the extracts affect this transfer. Twelve commercially available green teas were used in the study. The contents of elements in green teas and their extracts obtained with 80% acetone (v/v) were analysed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). High performance liquid chromatography in reverse phase (RP-HPLC) was used to determine contents of caffeine, (-)-epigallocatechin (EGC), (-)-epicatechin (EP), (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), and (-)-epicatechin gallate (ECG). The element with the highest content in green teas was Mn (711-1402 µg/g), but its transfer to extracts was the lowest (0.269-0.646%). The mean Fe transfer, second abundant element in teas (115-725 µg/g), was 5.52%. The contents of Mn and Fe in extracts were 5.08-30.2 and 10.7-90.1 µg/g, respectively. Zn, Cu, and Cr were transferred with means of 10.4, 20.0, and 26.2%, respectively, which resulted in their contents in the extracts in the ranges of 5.03-12.6, 1.93-13.8, and 0.128-2.03 µg/g, respectively. The significant positive correlations of Zn content in extracts and/or transfer to extracts with EGCG, EGC and total flavan-3-ols as well as between the same Fe variables and EGC were determined, which suggested that these flavan-3-ols may positively affect the transfer of Fe and Zn from green tea to extracts. In turn, significant but negative correlations were found in the case of Mn and Cu. Future research is needed to identify the causes of the various transfer rate of elements from green teas to extracts.

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“…Standard infusion procedure commonly used in India was followed. The details of the repeated tea infusion protocol are available in our previous articles ( Deka et al, 2021 , Karak et al, 2017 ). In brief, 2 g made tea sample was infused by adding 50 mL boiled distilled water in a 100 mL porcelain beaker, and it was kept covered with the lid for 5 min with intermittent shaking for proper wetting.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Billion cups of tea infusion have been consumed daily throughout the world as a social drink not only for its non-alcoholic nature but also for its medicinal properties ( Barman et al, 2020 , Deka et al, 2021 , Xu et al, 2018 ). The tea infusion is prepared from made tea which is processed from fresh and healthy young shoots (also known as two and a bud) of the tea plant ( Camellia sinensis L.) grown in acidic soils under humid climatic conditions (13–32 °C) ( Karak et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tea pruning litter biochar amendment in soil reduces arsenic, cadmium, and chromium in made tea (Camellia sinensis L.) and tea infusion: A safe drink for tea consumers

et al. 2022

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Impact of processing method on selected trace elements content of green tea: Does CTC green tea infusion possess risk towards human health?

Abstract: Graphical abstract

Cited by 17 publications

References 35 publications

Assessment of the Mineral Composition and the Selected Physicochemical Parameters of Dietary Supplements Containing Green Tea Extracts

Assessment of the Mineral Composition and the Selected Physicochemical Parameters of Dietary Supplements Containing Green Tea Extracts

Iron, Zinc, Copper, Manganese and Chromium in Green Teas, Their Transfer to Extracts and Correlations between Contents of Elements and Bioactive Compounds

Tea pruning litter biochar amendment in soil reduces arsenic, cadmium, and chromium in made tea (Camellia sinensis L.) and tea infusion: A safe drink for tea consumers

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