Impact of Six Consecutive Days of Sprint Training in Hypoxia on Performance in Competitive Sprint Runners

Kasai, Nobukazu; Mizuno, Susumu; Ishimoto, Sayuri; Sakamoto, Etsuko; Maruta, Misato; Kurihara, Toshiyuki; Kurosawa, Yuko; Goto, Kazushige

doi:10.1519/jsc.0000000000001954

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…These findings are consistent with a recent publication that reported a significant improvement in 7-s maximal sprint performance after four weeks of RSH in female team-sport athletes [25]. Moreover, we recently demonstrated that 6 successive days of RSH significantly improved the running time of the initial phase of 60-m sprint, with a concomitant increase in muscle PCr content, although the sample size was relatively small [26]. Therefore, we hypothesized that the increase in maximal power output in the HYPO group may be associated with augmented muscle PCr content.…”

Section: Performance Adaptationssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Therefore, consecutive days of repeated sprint training over a short period may be a potential stimulus for increasing brief power output and muscle PCr content. More recently, we found that 6 consecutive days of RSH significantly increased muscle PCr content (18.4-39.6 % increase) in competitive sprinters, although the finding was not conclusive due to the relatively small sample size (n = 6) [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

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Impact of 5 Days of Sprint Training in Hypoxia on Performance and Muscle Energy Substances

et al. 2017

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The present study was designed to determine the effect of 5 consecutive days of repeated sprint training under hypoxia on anaerobic performance and energy substances. Nineteen male sprinters performed repeated sprints for 5 consecutive days under a hypoxic (HYPO; fraction of inspired oxygen [FO], 14.5%) or normoxic (NOR; FO, 20.9%) condition. Before and after the training period, 10-s maximal sprint, repeated sprint ability (5×6-s sprints), 30-s maximal sprint, and maximal oxygen uptake (VO) tests were conducted. Muscle glycogen and PCr contents were evaluated using carbon magnetic resonance spectroscopy (C-MRS) and phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy (P-MRS), respectively. The HYPO group showed significant increases in power output during the 10-s maximal sprint (P=0.004) and repeated sprint test (P=0.004), whereas the NOR group showed no significant change after the training period. Muscle glycogen and PCr contents increased significantly in both groups (P<0.05, respectively). However, relative increases were not significantly different between groups. These findings indicated that 5 consecutive days of repeated sprint training under hypoxic conditions increased maximal power output in competitive sprinters. Furthermore, short-term sprint training significantly augmented muscle glycogen and PCr contents with little added benefit from training in hypoxia.

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Section: Performance Adaptationssupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Impact of 5 Days of Sprint Training in Hypoxia on Performance and Muscle Energy Substances

et al. 2017

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“…Faiss et al (2015) reported that 6 sessions of RSH improved exercise performance, compared to RSN 7) . Moreover, Kasai et al (2019) reported that 6 consecutive days of RSH improved exercise performance (improved repeated 10-sec sprint ability) and evoked physiological adaptation (increased phosphocreatine [PCr] content) 8) . Therefore, 6 consecutive days (6 sessions) of RSH seems to be enough to improve exercise performance and evoke physiological adaptations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repeated sprint training in hypoxia delays fatigue during 30-sec all-out sprint and reduces blood lactate concentrations after exercise in trained cyclists: a case study

Takei

Kakinoki

Hatta

2020

JPFSM

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Repeated sprint training in hypoxia (RSH) is a potential training strategy to improve short-term high-intensity sprint ability and evoke adaptation of lactate metabolism. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of RSH on Wingate sprint performance and lactate metabolism. Eight university cyclists performed 6 sessions of RSH (3 × 30sec sprint with 5-min recovery, FiO 2: 14.5%) over 6 consecutive days. Two days before (pretest) and 7-9 days after (post-test) the training intervention, subjects performed Wingate tests as performance tests. We took blood samples before and 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 10 min after the Wingate test to evaluate physiological adaptations. Mean power outputs were unchanged after the intervention (p = 0.094, d = 0.23). Whereas, the fatigue index was significantly improved (p = 0.025, d = 0.43). According to time course change in power outputs during the Wingate test, power outputs at 26 s, 29 s and 30 s were significantly improved after the intervention (p = 0.029, 0.001 and 0.001; d = 0.54, 0.74 and 0.74, respectively). Area under the curve (AUC) of blood lactate concentration was significantly lowered after the intervention (p = 0.048, d = 0.46). Six sessions of RSH over 6 consecutive days delayed fatigue during the Wingate test. AUC of blood lactate concentration was lowered after the intervention, indicating that glycogen breakdown was reduced (glycogen sparing effect) and/or lactate oxidation was increased during and after the Wingate test when the same work was performed. The effects of glycogen sparing and increased lactate oxidation would provide a competitive advantage to athletes performing multiple sprints.

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“…One previous study reported that performance during a single Wingate effort improved when assessed 9 days but not 2 days after the hypoxic training intervention (Hendriksen and Meeuwsen, 2003). Two other studies using trained sprinters reported that 5 to 6 consecutive days of hypoxic training composed of RW (repeated maximal sprints of 15-30 s) and repeated sprint training (repeated maximal 6-s sprints) failed to induce improvement in single Wingate effort 3 days after the intervention (Kasai et al, 2017(Kasai et al, , 2019. Since performance was not assessed in the first few days or several weeks after the intervention, immediate and long-term consequences of our intervention are unknown.…”

Section: Performance Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although 100-or 200m race times are clearly shorter than 30 s, it is common for these athletes to perform workouts of this duration during their preparation phase. Practically, one study showed that 6-to 20s repeated sprint cycling training in hypoxia improved 60-m sprinting performance in 100-200 m sprint runners, with these effects being mainly visible for the 0-10 m distance interval (Kasai et al, 2019). Moreover, efforts were performed on a cycle ergometer during this period of training in order to minimize ground contacts and the possibly of sustaining an injury since 6 sessions were planned over a 2-wks period.…”

Section: Additional Considerations and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-Term Repeated Wingate Training in Hypoxia and Normoxia in Sprinters

Takei

Kakinoki²,

Girard

et al. 2020

Front. Sports Act. Living

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Repeated Wingate efforts (RW) represent an effective training strategy for improving exercise capacity. Living low-training high altitude/hypoxic training methods, that upregulate muscle adaptations, are increasingly popular. However, the benefits of RW training in hypoxia compared to normoxia on performance and accompanying physiological adaptations remain largely undetermined. Our intention was to test the hypothesis that RW training in hypoxia provides additional performance benefits and more favorable physiological responses than equivalent training in normoxia. Twelve male runners (university sprinters) completed six RW training sessions (3 × 30-s Wingate "all-out" efforts with 4.5-min recovery) in either hypoxia (FiO 2 : 0.145, n = 6) or normoxia (FiO 2 : 0.209, n = 6) over 2 weeks. Before and after the intervention, participants underwent a RW performance test (3 × 30-s Wingate "all-out" efforts with 4.5-min recovery). Peak power output, mean power output, and total work for the three exercise bouts were determined. A capillary blood sample was taken for analyzing blood lactate concentration (BLa) 3 min after each of the three efforts. Peak power output (+ 11.3 ± 23.0%, p = 0.001), mean power output (+ 6.6 ± 6.8%, p = 0.001), and total work (+ 6.3 ± 5.4% p = 0.016) significantly increased from pre-to post-training, independently of condition. The time × group × interval interaction was significant (p = 0.05) for BLa. Compared to Pre-tests, BLa values during post-test were higher (+ 8.7 ± 10.3%) after about 2 in the normoxic group, although statistical significance was not reached (p = 0.08). Contrastingly, BLa values were lower (albeit not significantly) during post-compared to pre-tests after bout 2 (−9.3 ± 8.6%; p = 0.08) and bout 3 (−9.1 ± 10.7%; p = 0.09) in the hypoxic group. In conclusion, six RW training sessions over 2 weeks significantly improved RW performance, while training in hypoxia had no additional benefit over normoxia. However, accompanying BLa responses tended to be lower in the hypoxic group, while an opposite pattern was observed in the normoxic group. This indicates that different glycolytic and/or oxidative pathway adaptations were probably at play.

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Impact of Six Consecutive Days of Sprint Training in Hypoxia on Performance in Competitive Sprint Runners

Cited by 12 publications

References 34 publications

Impact of 5 Days of Sprint Training in Hypoxia on Performance and Muscle Energy Substances

Impact of 5 Days of Sprint Training in Hypoxia on Performance and Muscle Energy Substances

Repeated sprint training in hypoxia delays fatigue during 30-sec all-out sprint and reduces blood lactate concentrations after exercise in trained cyclists: a case study

Short-Term Repeated Wingate Training in Hypoxia and Normoxia in Sprinters

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