Impact of the Gut Microbiota on the Development of Obesity: Current Concepts

DiBaise, John K.; Frank, Daniel N.; Mathur, Ruchi

doi:10.1038/ajgsup.2012.5

Cited by 127 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…An acid-resistant coating was used to prepare the capsules containing the probiotics and placebo. Patients in the PGT group received an encapsulated probiotics preparation (Shanghai Xinyi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China) containing live combined Bifidobacterium longum, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Enterococcus faecalis (1:1:1) with no less than 1.0x10 7 CFU/g viable cells, three times/day, with a total daily dose of 6.0x10 7 CFU for five days. Patients in the CGT group received encapsulated maltodextrin (Haiyan Liuhe Pharmaceutical Industry Co., Ltd., Jiangsu, China) three times a day.…”

Section: Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The majority of the remaining cases, which are classified as sporadic CRC, are affected by environmental factors (4), including age, gender, diet, obesity and levels of physical inactivity. One of the common characteristics of these potential risk factors is that they can cause alterations in the structure of the intestinal flora (5)(6)(7)(8). These alterations (also called dysbiosis) were hypothesized to be closely correlated with the pathogenesis of CRC (9)(10)(11).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Probiotics modify human intestinal mucosa-associated microbiota in patients with colorectal cancer

Guo

Gao

et al. 2015

Molecular Medicine Reports

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Abstract.Studies using animal models have demonstrated that probiotics may have a beneficial role in the prevention of colorectal cancer (CRC); however, the underlying mechanism of the beneficial effects of interventional probiotic treatment on gut microbiota has remained elusive. In the present study, pyrosequencing of the V3 region of the 16S rRNA genes was conducted in order to determine the extent to which probiotics alter the microbiota. The observations of the present study indicated that the microbial structure of cancerous tissue differed significantly from that of healthy individuals and that the CRC microbiota exhibited lower diversity. It was indicated that interventional treatment with probiotics increased the density and diversity of mucosal microbes, and altered the mucosa-associated microbiota. Pyrosequencing demonstrated that probiotics significantly reduced (5-fold) the abundance of a bacterial taxon assigned to the genus Fusobacterium, which had been previously suggested to be a contributing factor to increase tumorigenesis. Accordingly, interventional probiotic therapy is suggested to be able to improve the composition of the mucosal microbial flora and significantly reduce the abundance of mucosa-associated pathogens in patients with CRC.

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Section: Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotics modify human intestinal mucosa-associated microbiota in patients with colorectal cancer

Guo

Gao

et al. 2015

Molecular Medicine Reports

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“…In cases where the balance of intestinal flora is disrupted and the number of gut microbiota grows excessively, certain diseases may appear and pro-colitogenic perturbations of the symbiotic relation may be caused [4]. Investigation of the relation between microbial community and its host may aid in the treatment of severe, chronic diseases that appear to be directly or indirectly involved with the intestinal flora such as obesity [5][6][7] and type 2 diabetes [8,9]. Chronic inflammatory diseases, inflammatory bowel disease, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease in humans and rodents [4,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16] and colorectal cancer [17] have also been connected with the role of gut microbiome.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sample preparation optimization in fecal metabolic profiling

Deda

Chatziioannou

Fasoula

et al. 2017

Journal of Chromatography B

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“…The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of a β (1–4) galacto-oligosaccharides formulation consisting of 90% pure GOS (GOS90), on the composition and activity of the mouse gut microbiota. Germ-free mice were colonized with microbiota from four pathogen-free wt 129 mice donors (SPF), and stools were collected during a feeding trial in which GOS90 was delivered orally for 14 days.…”

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confidence: 99%

High purity galacto-oligosaccharides enhance specific Bifidobacterium species and their metabolic activity in the mouse gut microbiome

Monteagudo-Mera

Arthur

Jobin

et al. 2016

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Prebiotics are selectively fermented ingredients that result in specific changes in the composition and/or activity of the gastrointestinal microbiota, thus conferring benefit(s) upon the host health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of a β (1–4) galacto-oligosaccharides formulation consisting of 90% pure GOS (GOS90), on the composition and activity of the mouse gut microbiota. Germ-free mice were colonized with microbiota from four pathogen-free wt 129 mice donors (SPF), and stools were collected during a feeding trial in which GOS90 was delivered orally for 14 days. Pyrosequencing of 16S rDNA amplicons showed that Bifidobacterium and specific Lactobacillus, Bacteroides and Clostridiales were more prevalent in GOS90-fed mice after 14 days, although the prebiotic impact on Bifidobacterium varied among individual mice. Prebiotic feeding also resulted in decreased abundance of Bacteroidales, Helicobacter and Clostridium. High-throughput quantitative PCR showed an increased abundance of Bifidobacterium adolescentis, B. pseudocatenulatum, B. lactis and B. gallicum in the prebiotic-fed mice. Control female mice showed a higher diversity (Phylogenetic Diversity PD = 15.1 ± 3.4 in stools and PD = 13.0 ± 0.6 in intestinal contents) than control males (PD = 7.8 ± 1.6 in stool samples and PD = 9.5 ± 1.0 in intestinal contents). GOS90 did not modify inflammatory biomarkers (IL-6, IL-12, IL-1β, IFN-γ and TNF-α). Decreased butyrate, acetate and lactate concentrations in stools of prebiotic fed mice suggested an increase in colonic absorption and reduced excretion. Overall, our results demonstrate that GOS90 is capable of modulating the intestinal microbiome resulting in expansion of the probiome (autochtonous commensal intestinal bacteria considered to have a beneficial influence on health).

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Impact of the Gut Microbiota on the Development of Obesity: Current Concepts

Cited by 127 publications

References 44 publications

Probiotics modify human intestinal mucosa-associated microbiota in patients with colorectal cancer

Probiotics modify human intestinal mucosa-associated microbiota in patients with colorectal cancer

Sample preparation optimization in fecal metabolic profiling

High purity galacto-oligosaccharides enhance specific Bifidobacterium species and their metabolic activity in the mouse gut microbiome

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