Impact of the Temperature of Waste Biomass Py-Rolysis on the Quality of the Obtained Biochar

Marczak, Marta; Karczewski, Mateusz; Makowska, Dorota; Burmistrz, Piotr

doi:10.1515/agriceng-2016-0049

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The high heating value constantly increases with the rise of volatile materials and the decrease of ash content. temperatures above 525 °C [47]. The high heating value constantly increases with the rise of volatile materials and the decrease of ash content.…”

Section: Composition Of Total Organic Carbonmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…To be accurate, torrefaction did not appear in oat and maize straw samples at temperatures below 300 • C. In a biomass torrefaction process at temperatures above 300 • C, the decrease is related to the thermal decomposition of the biomass [2]. The volatile parts show a reduction while the ash content increases with biomass torrefaction temperatures up to 525 • C. It is more important that the volatile matter content rose while the ash content reduced at temperatures above 525 • C [47]. The high heating value constantly increases with the rise of volatile materials and the decrease of ash content.…”

Section: Composition Of Total Organic Carbonmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Torrefaction of Straw from Oats and Maize for Use as a Fuel and Additive to Organic Fertilizers—TGA Analysis, Kinetics as Products for Agricultural Purposes

et al. 2020

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This publication presents research work which contains the optimum parameters of the agri-biomass: maize and oat straws torrefaction process. Parameters which are the most important for the torrefaction process and its products are temperature and residence time. Thermogravimetric analysis was performed as well as the torrefaction process using an electrical furnace on a laboratory scale at a temperature between 250-525 • C. These biomass torrefaction process parameters-residence time and temperature-were necessary to perform the design and construction of semi-pilot scale biomass torrefaction installations with a regimental dryer and a woody and agri-biomass regimental torrefaction reactor to perform a continuous torrefaction process using superheated steam. In the design installation the authors also focused on biochar, a bi-product of biofuel which will be used as an additive for natural bio-fertilizers. Kinetic analysis of torrefaction process using maize and oat straws was performed using NETZSCH Neo Kinetics software. It was found that kinetic analysis methods conducted with multiple heating rate experiments were much more efficient than the use of a single heating rate. The best representations of the experimental data for the straw from maize straw were found for the n-order reaction model. A thermogravimetric analysis, TG-MS analysis and VOC analysis combined with electrical furnace installation were performed on the maize and oat straw torrefaction process. The new approach in the work presented is different from that of current scientific achievements due to the fact that until now researchers have worked on performing processes on oat and maize straws by means of the torrefaction process for the production of a biochar as an additive for natural bio-fertilizers. None of them looked for economically reasonable mass loss ratios. In this work the authors made the assumption that a mass loss in the area of 45-50% is the most reasonable loss for the two mentioned agri-biomass processes. On this basis, a semi-pilot installation could be produced in a further BIOCARBON project step. The kinetic parameters which were calculated will be used to estimate the size of the apparatuses, the biomass dryer, and biomass torrefaction reactor.

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Section: Composition Of Total Organic Carbonmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Composition Of Total Organic Carbonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Torrefaction of Straw from Oats and Maize for Use as a Fuel and Additive to Organic Fertilizers—TGA Analysis, Kinetics as Products for Agricultural Purposes

et al. 2020

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“…Additionally, high VOC concentrations in the tracks show that torgas can be used as a heat source for the roasting process. It was found that (257 °C, 9 min under this isothermal conditions) temperature at which during Miscanthus torrefaction process we are in the closest temperature at which mass loss of torrefied material have lost 30% of it original mass which according to the previous studies on many different biomass torrefaction process the most optimal mass loss to have the highest increase in caloric value (with a 30% mass loss we are losing only approximately 10% of energy of the torrefied biomass) [ 93 , 94 , 95 , 96 , 97 ]. At (300 °C, 6 min) there was observed closest to 50% mass loss which according to the literature is one of the most optimal mass loss for the biochar production as additive/carrier of C for fertilizers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Sustainable Drying and Torrefaction Processes of Miscanthus for Use as a Pelletized Solid Biofuel and Biocarbon-Carrier for Fertilizers

et al. 2021

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Miscanthus is resistant to dry, frosty winters in Poland and most European Union countries. Miscanthus gives higher yields compared to native species. Farmers can produce Miscanthus pellets after drying it for their own heating purposes. From the third year, the most efficient plant development begins, resulting in a yield of 25–30 tons of dry matter from an area of 1 hectare. Laboratory scale tests were carried out on the processes of drying, compacting, and torrefaction of this biomass type. The analysis of the drying process was conducted at three temperature levels of the drying agent (60, 100, and 140 °C). Compaction on a hydraulic press was carried out in the pressure range characteristic of a pressure agglomeration (130.8–457.8 MPa) at different moisture contents of the raw material (0.5% and 10%). The main interest in this part was to assess the influence of drying temperature, moisture content, and compaction pressure on the specific densities (DE) and the mechanical durability of the pellets (DU). In the next step, laboratory analyses of the torrefaction process were carried out, initially using the Thermogravimetric Analysis TGA and Differential Scaning Calorimeter DSC techniques (to assess activation energy (EA)), followed by a flow reactor operating at five temperature levels (225, 250, 275, 300, and 525 °C). A SEM analysis of Miscanthus after torrefaction processes at three different temperatures was performed. Both the parameters of biochar (proximate and ultimate analysis) and the quality of the torgas (volatile organic content (VOC)) were analyzed. The results show that both drying temperature and moisture level will affect the quality of the pellets. Analysis of the torrefaction process shows clearly that the optimum process temperature would be around 300–340 °C from a mass loss ratio and economical perspective.

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“…Second, there are discrepancies between the observed short-term agricultural benefits and the expectations of biochar as a sustainable soil improvement in the long term [2]. The properties and efficiency of biochar differ depending on the initial soil condition [16,17], plant species [6,18], climate [19], type of feedstock, pyrolysis temperature and biochar dose [16,[20][21][22][23]. In addition, there are inconsistencies in the results of yields from pot and field trials, and often, only those from pot studies are considered [7,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic Analysis of Biochar Use in Soybean Production in Poland

Latawiec

Koryś

et al. 2021

Agronomy

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Soybean (Glycine max L.) is one of the most important crops grown globally. Biochar has been proposed as an alternative to aid sustainable soybean production. However, comprehensive studies that include both the economic aspects of soybean production and biochar are scarce. Poland, with an economy largely based on agriculture, is an interesting case to investigate the cost-effectiveness of using biochar in soybean production. We show that the use of biochar at rates of 40, 60 and 80 t/ha is unprofitable compared with a traditional soil amendment, such as NPK fertilization. The breakeven price for biochar to be economically viable should be USD 39.22, USD 38.29 and USD 23.53 for 40, 60 and 80 Mg/ha biochar, respectively, while the cost of biochar used for this experiment was USD 85.33. The payback period for doses of 40 and 60 Mg/ha was estimated to be three years. With a carbon sequestration subsidy of USD 30 per ton of CO2, the use of biochar may be profitable in the first year of soybean production. This is the first comprehensive economic analysis of the use of biochar in soybean production in Poland and one of the few published worldwide.

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Impact of the Temperature of Waste Biomass Py-Rolysis on the Quality of the Obtained Biochar

Cited by 3 publications

References 8 publications

Torrefaction of Straw from Oats and Maize for Use as a Fuel and Additive to Organic Fertilizers—TGA Analysis, Kinetics as Products for Agricultural Purposes

Torrefaction of Straw from Oats and Maize for Use as a Fuel and Additive to Organic Fertilizers—TGA Analysis, Kinetics as Products for Agricultural Purposes

Sustainable Drying and Torrefaction Processes of Miscanthus for Use as a Pelletized Solid Biofuel and Biocarbon-Carrier for Fertilizers

Economic Analysis of Biochar Use in Soybean Production in Poland

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